{"id":3173,"date":"2018-02-03T21:54:05","date_gmt":"2018-02-03T12:54:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/haisins.epac.to\/wordpress\/?p=3173"},"modified":"2018-02-03T21:55:57","modified_gmt":"2018-02-03T12:55:57","slug":"oracle-sql-pl-sql-%ec%84%a4%eb%aa%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/?p=3173","title":{"rendered":"oracle sql , pl\/sql \uc124\uba85"},"content":{"rendered":"
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 <\/p>\n

1. <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc790\ub8cc\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/p>\n

2. <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4<\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span>\ubcf5\uc218\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\ud68c<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Group <\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Subqueries<\/p>\n

6. SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

7. <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

8. <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

9. Oracle Data Dictionary<\/p>\n

10. <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791(DML)<\/span><\/p>\n

11. <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

12. Sequence <\/span>\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

13. <\/span>\ubdf0(View) \uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

14. <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

15. Privileges(DCL)<\/p>\n

16. SQL<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uc694\uc57d<\/span><\/p>\n

17. SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

18. <\/span>\uc11c\ube0c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4c8\ud654\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d<\/span><\/p>\n

19. <\/span>\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

20. <\/span>\uc624\ub77c\ud074\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc640\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

21. PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0Control Structure<\/span><\/p>\n

22. Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0Query \ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

23. Error <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

24. PL\/SQL <\/span>\uc694\uc57d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc790\ub8cc\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778<\/span>\u00a0Query\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub124\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc808\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT<\/span>\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0column\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022FROM<\/span>\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0\ub300\uc0c1\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WHERE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0RETURN \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ORER BY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[DISTINCT] {*,column [alias]….}<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Query<\/span>\uc870\uac74(\ub4e4)]<\/span><\/p>\n

[ORDER BY {column,<\/span>\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd} [ASC|DESC]];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\uc5d0\u00a0\ucf54\ub529\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud310\ub3c5\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ud0ed\uacfc\u00a0\uc778\ub374\ud2b8(indent)\uac00\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc57d\uc2dd\ud45c\uae30\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub2e8\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\ubd84\ud560\uc740\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc2dc\u00a0\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uad6c\ubcc4\uc774\u00a0\ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0SQL \ubc84\ud37c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0Column, \ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uac00\uc7a5<\/span>\u00a0\ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc740\u00a0\uc544\ub798\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc808\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>asterisk(*)\ub294\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uce6d\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022FROM <\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT *<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_dept;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0Column \uc120\ud0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT dept_id, last_name, manager_id<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022DESCRIBE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0column \uba85\uc744\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0column \uba85\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucf64\ub9c8\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0column\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ubd84\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf4\uae30\u00a0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub300\ub85c\u00a0column \uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Default column <\/span>\ub808\uc774\ube14(Heading)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub808\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc815\ub82c<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc88c\uce21\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0: \ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc6b0\uce21\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0: \uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub808\uc774\ube14\uc740\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0b0\uc220<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022NUMBER<\/span>\uc640\u00a0DATE \uc790\ub8cc\ud615\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\uc11c\u00a0\uc544\ub798\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub354\ud558\uae30\u00a0+<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ube7c\uae30\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uacf1\ud558\uae30\u00a0*<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub098\ub204\uae30\u00a0\/<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uad04\ud638( )\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704\u00a0\uaddc\uce59\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0b0\uc220<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uc5f0\ubd09\uc744\u00a0Display \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0last_name, salary*12, commission_pct<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0column\uc778\u00a0(salary * 12)\ub294\u00a0\ub2e8\uc9c0\u00a0Display \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c\ub9cc\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uacf1\uc148\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub098\ub217\uc148\uc774\u00a0\ub367\uc148\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ube84\uc148\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uad04\ud638\ub294\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc2dc\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704\uc758\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0\uc67c\ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uad04\ud638\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc774\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub418\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0last_name, salary, 12*salary + 100<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Velasquez 2500 30100<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0last_name, salary, 12*(salary + 100)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Velasquez 2500 31200<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Column Aliases<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
Column alias<\/span>\ub294\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0heading\uc744\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc774\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud2b9\ud788\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\uc774\u00a0\uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uba85\u00a0\ubc14\ub85c\u00a0\ub4a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Column<\/span>\uba85\uacfc\u00a0alias \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0AS \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\ub3c4\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\uc911\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\ubd80\ud638(Double quotation)\ub294\u00a0alias\uac00\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31, \ud2b9\uc218\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc640\u00a0\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc694\ud55c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud569\uc131<\/span>(concatenation)\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u20222<\/span>\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc218\uc9c1\ubc14(||)\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0column\uacfc\u00a0\uc5f0\uacb0\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0first_name||last_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u00a0\u00a0CarmenVelasquez<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub9ac\ud130\ub7f4<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc790(literal character string)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub9ac\ud130\ub7f4\uc774\ub780\u00a0SELECT \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\u00a0\ubb38\uc790, \ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\ubd80\ud638(singel quotation)\ub85c\u00a0\uc5d0\uc6cc\uc309\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac01\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0column\uc740\u00a0\ub418\ub3cc\ub824\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ud589\ub2f9\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc529\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0first_name ||”|| last_name<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0||’,’|| title “Employees”<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub110\uac12<\/span>\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022NULL<\/span>\uc774\ub780\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294, \ud560\ub2f9\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740, \uc54c\ub824\uc838\u00a0\uc788\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\u00a0\ubd88\uac00\ud55c\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022NULL<\/span>\uc774\ub780\u00a00\ub098\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31(space)\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uac83\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub110\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\u00a0\uc0b0\uc220\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0NULL\uc774\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0first_name, title<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0salary*commission_pct\/100 COMM<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NVL Function<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022NULL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0NVL Function\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub300\uce58\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0datatype\uc740\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc, \ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc774\u00a0\uc4f0\uc5ec\uc838\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– NVL(start_date, ’01-JAN-95′)<\/p>\n

– NVL(title, ‘NO Title Yet’)<\/p>\n

– NVL(salary, 1000)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0first_name, title<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0salary*NVL(commission_pct,0)\/100 COMM<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc911\ubcf5\ud589<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\ub294\u00a0Query\uc2dc\uc5d0\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\ub41c\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ubaa8\ub450\u00a0Display\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_dept;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022SELECT<\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0DISTINCT\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uac70\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT DISTINCT name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_dept;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Multi-Column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0DISTINCT \uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022DISTINCT<\/span>\ub294\u00a0SELECT \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0DISTINCT dept_id, title<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022DISTINCT<\/span>\uac00\u00a0Multi-Column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\uc2dc\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0distinct\ud55c\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ASC – <\/span>\uc62c\ub9bc\ucc28\uc21c(Default)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DESC – <\/span>\ub0b4\ub9bc\ucc28\uc21c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808\uc740\u00a0SELECT \uba85\ub839\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0\u00a0\uc704\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0last_name, dept_id, start_date<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 ORDER BY last_name;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uc62c\ub9bc\ucc28\uc21c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0alias\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\ub3c4\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub110\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc774\u00a0Display \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc62c\ub9bc\ucc28\uc21c\uc2dc\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0\u00a0\uc634<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub0b4\ub9bc\ucc28\uc21c\uc2dc\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\uba3c\uc800\u00a0\uc634<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Multiple Column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ub82c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\uc808\uc57d\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ub098\uc5f4\ud55c\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc704\uce58\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0\ud560\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0last_name, salary*12<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 ORDER BY \u00a02;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0multiple column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\ub3c4\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0last_name, dept_id, salary<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 ORDER BY \u00a0dept_id, salary DESC;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022ORDER BY <\/span>\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\uc21c\uc11c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc0c1\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc120\ud0dd\ud560<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c(WHERE \uc870\uac74)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
WHERE<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WHERE<\/span>\uc808\uc740\u00a0FORM\uc808\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\uc544\ub798\uc758\u00a0\uac83\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Column<\/span>\uba85, \ud45c\ud604\uc2dd, \uc0c1\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ubb38\uc790(Literal)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT last_name, dept_id, start_date<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE dept_id=42;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ube44\uad50<\/span>\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub17c\ub9ac\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\u00a0\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL <\/span>\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

=(<\/span>\uac19\ub2e4) >(\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\ud070) >=(\uac19\uac70\ub098\u00a0\ud070) <(\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\uc791\uc740) <=(\uac19\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc791\uc740)<\/span><\/p>\n

– BETWEEN…AND… (<\/span>\ub450\uac12\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774)<\/span><\/p>\n

– IN(list) (<\/span>\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc911\u00a0\uc5b4\ub290\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc77c\uce58)<\/span><\/p>\n

– LIKE (<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud615\ud0dc\uc640\u00a0\uc77c\uce58)<\/span><\/p>\n

– IS NULL (<\/span>\ub110\uac12\uc778\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0)<\/span><\/p>\n

– AND (<\/span>\ub2e4\uc911\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ubaa8\ub450\uac00\u00a0TRUE\uc2dc\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub3c4\u00a0TRUE)<\/span><\/p>\n

– OR (<\/span>\ub2e4\uc911\uc870\uac74\uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0TRUE\uc2dc\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub3c4\u00a0TRUE)<\/span><\/p>\n

– NOT (<\/span>\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc18\ub300\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ub418\ub3cc\ub824\u00a0\uc90c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ubd80\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\uac00\ub054<\/span>\u00a0\uc708\uce58\u00a0\uc54a\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc774\u00a0\ub354\u00a0\uc27d\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

!=(<\/span>\uac19\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294(VAX, UNIX, PC)) ^=(\uac19\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294(IBM)) <>(\uac19\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294(\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc6b4\uc601\uccb4\uc81c))<\/span><\/p>\n

NOT colname = (<\/span>\uac19\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294) \u00a0NOT colname > (~\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\ud06c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

– NOT BETWEEN…AND… (<\/span>\ub450\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774\uac00\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc)<\/span><\/p>\n

– NOT IN(list) (<\/span>\uba85\uc2dc\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\uc758\u00a0\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294)<\/span><\/p>\n

– NOT LIKE \u00a0(<\/span>\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294)<\/span><\/p>\n

– IS NOT NULL (<\/span>\ub110\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uacfc\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uacfc\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\ubd80\ud638(Single quotation)\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\ub458\ub7ec\u00a0\uc313\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc22b\uc790\uac12\uc740\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\ubd80\ud638\uac00\u00a0\ud544\uc694\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc740\u00a0‘DD-MON-YY’\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELET \u00a0\u00a0firs_name, last_name, title<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0last_name=’Magee’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0\ubc94\uc704\ub0b4\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0CHECK\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0BETWEEN \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT first_name, last_name, start_date<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE start_date BETWEEN ’09-may-91′<\/p>\n

4 AND \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0’17-jun-91′<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0CHECK\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0IN\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, name, region_id<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0region_id IN(1,3);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

BETWEEN<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0IN SQL \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

LIKE SQL<\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc740\u00a0\uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\u00a0Query \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc640\uc77c\ub4dc\uce74\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0LIKE \uc5f0\uc0b0\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Query <\/span>\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\ub9ac\ud130\ub7f4\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– “%”<\/span>\ub294\u00a00\uac1c\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– “_”<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT last_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE last_name LIKE ‘M%’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

LIKE SQL <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022LIKE <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub294\u00a0BETWEEN \ube44\uad50\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc640\u00a0\uc720\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT last_name, start_date<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE start_date LIKE’%91′;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0“_”, “%”\ub97c\u00a0\ud569\uc131\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_naem<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0last_name LIKE ‘_a%’<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0“%” \ub610\ub294\u00a0“_”\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uace0\uc790\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0ESCAPE\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

IS NULL SQL <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022IS NULL <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\u00a0\ub110\uac12\uc744\u00a0Check\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022= <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, name, credit_rating<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_customer<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0seles_rep_id IS NULL;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e4\uc911<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c\u00a0Query\uae30\uc900\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022AND <\/span>\ub610\ub294\u00a0OR \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\uc870\uac74\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud569\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022AND<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc774\u00a0\ubaa8\ub450\u00a0\ucc38\uc784\uc744\u00a0\uc694\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, salary, dept_id, tile<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0dept_id = 41<\/p>\n

4 AND \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title = ‘Stock Clerk’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022OR<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc5b4\ub290\u00a0\ud55c\uc870\uac74\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0\ucc38\uc784\uc744\u00a0\uc694\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, salary, dept_id, title<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0WHERE dept_id = 41<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0OR \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title = ‘Stock Clerk’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc6b0\uc120<\/span>\u00a0\uc21c\uc704\u00a0\uaddc\uce59<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/span>\uad04\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n\ud558\uc5ec<\/span>\u00a0\uc6b0\uc120\u00a0\uc21c\uc704\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0\ud560\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\uc6b0\uc120\uc21c\uc704<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

1<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

(=, <>, >, >=, <, <=, IN, LIKE,<\/p>\n

IS NULL, BETWEEN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

2<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0AND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

3<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0OR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus : \uac1c\uc694<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0SQL\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud30c\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uba85\ub839\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ubc84\ud37c\ub85c\u00a0\uc62e\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub3c4\uc6c0\ub9d0\uc744\u00a0\uc5bb\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\u00a0\uc870\ud68c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc758\u00a0DESCRIBE \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Column<\/span>\uba85, NOT NULL column, Datatype)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>DESCRIBE s_dpt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022NOT NULL<\/span>\uc778\u00a0column\uc740\u00a0\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc838\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022column Datatype <\/span>\ubc0f\u00a0\uae38\uc774(length)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– NUMBER(p,s) – <\/span>\ucd5c\ub300\u00a0P\uc790\ub9ac\uc640\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\u00a0S\uc790\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\uc22b\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– VARCHAR2(s) – <\/span>\ucd5c\ub300\u00a0\ud06c\uae30\uac00\u00a0S\uc778\u00a0\uac00\ubcc0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DATE – January 1,4712 B.C<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0December 31, 4712 A.D \uc0ac\uc774\uc758\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CHAR(s) – <\/span>\ud06c\uae30\uac00\u00a0S\uc778\u00a0\uace0\uc815\u00a0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL*Plus<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A[PPEND]text<\/td>\n\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\ud589\u00a0\ub05d\uc5d0\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C[HANGE]\/old\/now<\/td>\n\ud604\uc7ac\ud589\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uae30\uc874\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uc0c8\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C[HANGE]\/text\/<\/td>\n\ud604\uc7ac\ud589\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CL[EAR]BUFF[ER]<\/td>\nSQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DEL<\/td>\n\ud604\uc7ac<\/span>\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I[NPUT]<\/td>\n\ub77c\uc778\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L[IST]<\/td>\nSQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L[IST] n<\/td>\nn<\/span>\ub77c\uc778\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.(n\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L[IST] m n<\/td>\nm<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0n\ub77c\uc778\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R[UN]<\/td>\n\ubc84\ud37c\ub0b4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud604\uc7acSQL \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n<\/td>\nn<\/span>\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc704\uce58\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n text<\/td>\n\ub77c\uc778<\/span>\u00a0n\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub85c\u00a0\ub300\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0 text<\/td>\n\ub77c\uc778<\/span>\u00a01\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\uc744\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc628\ub77c\uc778<\/span>\u00a0\ub3c4\uc6c0\ub9d0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc628\ub77c\uc778\u00a0\ub3c4\uc6c0\ub9d0\uc744\u00a0\uc5bb\uc744\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– PL\/SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>HELP SELECT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

SQL*Plus<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SAVE filename<\/td>\nSQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\ub85c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GET filename<\/td>\n\uc774\uc804\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubc84\ud37c\ub85c\u00a0\ubd88\ub7ec\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
START filename<\/td>\n\uc774\uc804\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud55c\u00a0\uba85\ub839\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
@filename<\/td>\n\uc774\uc804\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud55c\u00a0\uba85\ub839\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.( START\uc640\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EDIT<\/td>\n\ud3b8\uc9d1\uae30\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ucf1c\u00a0\ubc84\ud37c\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0afiedt.buf\ub85c\u00a0\ubd88\ub9ac\ub294\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ED[IT} filename<\/td>\n\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EXIT<\/td>\nSQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub97c\u00a0\uc911\ub2e8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\u00a0\ub85c\uadf8\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc708\ub3c4\uc6b0\u00a0\ud658\uacbd\uc778\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc544\uc774\ucf58\uc744\u00a0\ub354\ube14\u00a0\ud074\ub9ad<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0\ud328\uc2a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Command line <\/span>\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

– sqlplus[username[\/password[@database]]]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\ud568\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uac1c\uc694<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc<\/span>\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac01\uac01\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Display <\/span>\ud560\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column datatype<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2<\/span>\uac00\uc9c0\uc758\u00a0SQL \ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ubb38\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc22b\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ubcc0\ud658<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf5\uc218\ud589\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\nFUNCTION<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

\u2192<\/td>\nSINGLE ROW<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2192<\/p>\n

\u2192<\/p>\n

\u2192<\/p>\n

\u2192<\/td>\n

MULTI ROW<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\u2192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc778\uc218(argument)\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0Return\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac01\uac01\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud589\ub2f9\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Datatype<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc911\ucca9(nested)\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

function_name (column|expression, [arg1, arg2,…])<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LOWER(column\\expression)<\/td>\n\uc54c\ud30c\ubcb3<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
UPPER(column\\expression)<\/td>\n\uc54c\ud30c\ubcb3<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INITCAP(column\\expression)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc54c\ud30c\ubcb3<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ub2e8\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\uccab\u00a0\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c, \ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CONCAT(column1\\expression,<\/p>\n

column2\\expression)<\/td>\n

\uccab<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uacfc\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc5f0\uacb0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uacb0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790(||)\uc640\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\ud568.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SUBSTR(column\\expression,m[,n])<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc911\uc5d0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0m\uc704\uce58\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0n\ubb38\uc790\uae38\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\ud574\ub2f9\ub418\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LENGTH(column\\expression)<\/td>\n\ubb38\uc790\uac2f\uc218\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NVL(column\\expression1,<\/p>\n

column\\expression2)<\/td>\n

\uccab\ubc88\uc9f8<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\ub110\uc774\uba74\u00a0\ub450\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc804\ud658\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc804\ud658\ud574\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022LOWER(‘SQL Course’) \u2192 sql course<\/p>\n

\u2022UPPER(‘SQL Course’) \u2192 SQL COURSE<\/p>\n

\u2022INITCAP(‘SQL Course’) \u2192 Sql Course<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uc791\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CONCAT(‘Good’, ‘String’) \u2192 GoodString<\/p>\n

\u2022SUBSTR(‘String’, 1, 3) \u2192 Str<\/p>\n

\u2022LENGTH(‘String’) \u2192 6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc22b\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROUND(column\/expression,n)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Column, Expression<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc18c\uc218\uc810\u00a0n\uc790\ub9ac\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\ubc18\uc62c\ub9bc\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d\u00a0n\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc740\u00a0\uc5c6\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c\u00a0n\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc74c\uc218\ub77c\uba74\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc758\u00a0\uc67c\ucabd\uc790\ub9ac\uc218\ub9cc\ud07c\u00a0\ubc18\uc62c\ub9bc\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TRUNC(column\/expression,n)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Column, Expression<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc18c\uc218\uc810\u00a0n\uc790\ub9ac\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc808\uc0ad\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d\u00a0n\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc740\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c\u00a0n\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc74c\uc218\ub77c\uba74\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc758\u00a0\uc67c\ucabd\uc790\ub9ac\uc218\ub9cc\ud07c\u00a0\uc808\uc0ad\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MOD(m,n)<\/td>\nm<\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0n\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\ub204\uace0\u00a0\ub0a8\uc740\u00a0\ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0Return\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

ROUND<\/span>\uc640\u00a0TRUNC \ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022ROUND(45.923,2) \u00a0\u2192 45.92<\/p>\n

\u2022ROUND(45.923,0) \u00a0\u2192 46<\/p>\n

\u2022ROUND(45.923,-1) \u2192 50<\/p>\n

\u2022TRUNC(45.923,2) \u00a0\u2192 45.92<\/p>\n

\u2022TRUNC(45.923) \u00a0\u00a0\u2192 45<\/p>\n

\u2022TRUNC(45.923,-1) \u2192 40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

MOD <\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ub098\ub204\uace0\u00a0\ub0a8\uc740\u00a0\ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\uad6c\ud558\uace0\uc790\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0MOD\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022MOD(1600,300) \u2192 100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\uc0b0\uc220\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\ub85c\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\ub098\uc624\uac8c\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ub354\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ube8d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub450\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc54c\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub97c\u00a0\ube8d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc2dc\uac04\uc744\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\u00a0\ub354\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc5f0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc0b0<\/span><\/td>\n\uacb0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uacfc<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
data + number<\/td>\ndate<\/td>\n\ub0a0\uc218\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\u00a0\ub354\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
date – number<\/td>\ndate<\/td>\n\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ube8d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
date – date<\/td>\nnumber of days<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub978<\/span>\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub97c\u00a0\ube8d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
date + number\/24<\/td>\ndate<\/td>\n\uc2dc\uac04\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0\u00a0\ub354\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MONTHS_BETWEEN<\/p>\n

(date1. date2)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

date1<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0date2 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758\u00a0\ub2ec\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0\uc591\uc218\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc74c\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. date1\uc774\u00a0date2\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\ube60\ub978\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uba74\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0\uc591\uc218\uc9c0\ub9cc\u00a0date2\uac00\u00a0date1\ubcf4\ub2e4\u00a0\ube60\ub978\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uba74\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0\uc74c\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\uc758\u00a0\ube44\uc815\uc218\ubd80\ubd84\uc740\u00a0\uc6d4\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\ubd84\uc744\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ADD_MONTHS(date, n)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0n\ub2ec\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/span><\/p>\n

n<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc815\uc218\uc5ec\uc57c\ud558\uba70\u00a0\uc74c\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NEXT_DAY(date, ‘char’)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

date<\/span>\ub2e4\uc74c\uc758\u00a0\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0\uc8fc(‘char’)\uc758\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc694\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

char<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ub0a0\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294\u00a0\uc694\uc77c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

LAST_DAY(date)<\/td>\ndate<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ub2ec\uc758\u00a0\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\ub0a0\uc744\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROUND(date[, ‘fmt’])<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc5b4\ub5a4<\/span>\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\u00a0(fmt) \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc558\uc744\uc2dc\u00a0\uc790\uc815\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\uc124\uc815\uacfc\u00a0\ud568\uaed8\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ube44\uad50\uc2dc\u00a0\uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TRUNC(date[, ‘fmt’])<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc5b4\ub5a4<\/span>\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\u00a0(fmt) \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc558\uc744\uc2dc\u00a0date\uc5d0\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub0a0\uc758\u00a0\uc790\uc815\uc744\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d\u00a0fmt=YEAR \uc774\uba74\u00a0date \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\u00a0\ud574\uc758\u00a0\uccab\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0\ub0a0\uc744\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\u00a0\ubd80\ubd84\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uac70\ud558\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uc6d0\ud560\uc2dc\u00a0\uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc624\ub77c\ud074\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc624\ub77c\ud074\uc740\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub97c\u00a0\ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Century, year, month, daty, hours, minutes, seconds<\/p>\n

\u2022Default Display <\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\uc740\u00a0DD-MON-YY\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SYSDATE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\uc744\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc8fc\ub294\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DUAL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0SYSDATE\ub97c\u00a0\ubcf4\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\u00a0Dummy \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022MONTHS_BETWEEN(’01-SEP-95′, ’11-JAN-94′) \u2192 16.66774194<\/p>\n

\u2022ADD_MONTHS(’11-JAN-94′,6) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 ’11-JUL-94′<\/p>\n

\u2022NEXT_DAY(’01-SEP-95′,’FRIDAY’) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 ’08-SEP-95′<\/p>\n

\u2022LAST_DAY(’01-SEP-95′) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 ’30-SEP-95′<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022ROUND(’25-MAY-95′,’MONTH’) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 01-JUN-95<\/p>\n

\u2022ROUND(’25-MAY-95′,’YEAR’) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 01-JAN-95<\/p>\n

\u2022ROUND(’25-MAY-95′) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 25-MAY-95<\/p>\n

-Rounded to the nearest day<\/p>\n

\u2022TRUNC(’25-MAY-95′,’MONTH’) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 01-MAY-95<\/p>\n

\u2022TRUNC(’25-MAY-95′,’YEAR’) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 01-JAN-95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc804\ud658<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218(Conversion Function)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022TO_CHAR<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022TO_NUMBER<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022TO_DATE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc804\ud658\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ub9ce\uc740\u00a0\uc694\uc18c\ub4e4\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub41c\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378(FORMAT)\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TO_CHAR(number\\date,[‘fmt’])<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc22b\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uac12\uc744\u00a0fmt \ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0VARCHAR2 \ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TO_NUMBER(char)<\/td>\n\uc22b\uc790\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TO_DATE(char,[‘fmt’])<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud55c\u00a0fmt\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. fmt\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\ub7b5\uc2dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc740\u00a0DD-MON-<\/span><\/p>\n

YY<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TO_CHAR<\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TO_CHAR(date, ‘fmt’)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378(FORMAT)\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\u00a0\ubd80\ud638(single quotation)\ub85c\u00a0\uc5d0\uc6cc\uc2f8\uc57c\u00a0\ud558\uba70\u00a0\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0\uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\uc694\uc18c\ub3c4\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub367\ubd99\uc5ec\uc9c4\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\uc774\ub098\u00a0\uc120\ud589\uc81c\ub85c\ub97c\u00a0\uc5c6\uc560\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0fm \ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucf64\ub9c8\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\uac12\uacfc\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\u00a0\uc694\uc18c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022YYYY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\uc644\uc804\ud55c\u00a0\ub144\ub3c4\ub97c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022YEAR<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud55c\u00a0\ub144\ub3c4\ub97c\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022MM<\/span>\uc740\u00a02\uc790\ub9ac\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\uc6d4\uc744\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022MONTH<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc6d4\uc758\u00a0\uc644\uc804\ud55c\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc694\uc77c\uc758\u00a03\uc790\ub9ac\u00a0\uc57d\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DAY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc644\uc804\ud55c\u00a0\uc77c\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc<\/span>\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\u00a0\uc694\uc18c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc2dc\uac04\u00a0\uc694\uc18c\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\ub0a0\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\u00a0\ubd80\ubd84\uc744\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\ud654\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– HH24:MI:SS AM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u219215:45:32 PM<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc5d0\u00a0\uc774\uc911\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\u00a0\ubd80\ud638(Double quotatin)\ub97c\u00a0\uc5d0\uc6cc\uc308\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud568\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– DD “of” MONTH \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u219212 of OCTOBER<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\uc811\ubbf8\uc0ac\ub294\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uba85\uae30\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– ddspth \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192fourteenth<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

RR<\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Current Year<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

Specified Date<\/td>\nRR Format<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

YY Format<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1995<\/p>\n

1995<\/p>\n

2001<\/p>\n

2001<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

27-COT-95<\/p>\n

27-OCT-17<\/p>\n

27-OCT-17<\/p>\n

27-OCT-95<\/td>\n

1995<\/p>\n

2017<\/p>\n

2017<\/p>\n

1995<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

1995<\/p>\n

1917<\/p>\n

2017<\/p>\n

2095<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\uba85\uc2dc\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0\ub450\uc790\ub9ac\u00a0\ub144\ub3c4<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

0-49<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

50-99<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\ub144\ub3c4\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub450\uc790\ub9ac\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n

0-49<\/td>\n\ub418\ub3cc\ub824<\/span>\u00a0\ubc1b\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\ub418\ub3cc\ub824<\/span>\u00a0\ubc1b\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc138\uae30\u00a0\uc774\uc804\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

50-99<\/td>\n\ub418\ub3cc\ub824<\/span>\u00a0\ubc1b\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc138\uae30\u00a0\uc774\ud6c4\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\ub418\ub3cc\ub824<\/span>\u00a0\ubc1b\ub294\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0a0\uc9dc\ud615\uc2dd<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0TO_CHAR\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, TO_CHAR(start_date,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0‘fmDdspth “of” Month YYYY<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fmHH:MI:SS AM’) HIREDATE<\/p>\n

4 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

5 WHERE \u00a0start_date LIKE ‘%91’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc22b\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0TO_CHAR\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
TO_CHAR(number, ‘fmt\u2018)<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

TO_CHAR <\/span>\ud568<\/span><\/p>\n

9<\/p>\n

0<\/p>\n

$<\/p>\n

L<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

,<\/p>\n

MI<\/p>\n

PR<\/p>\n

EEEE<\/p>\n

V<\/p>\n

B<\/td>\n

\uc218\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc704\uc758\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc22b\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc704\uce58(9\uc758\u00a0\uc218\ub294\u00a0display \ud3ed\uc744\u00a0\uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/p>\n

\uac15\uc81c\ub85c<\/span>\u00a0\uc601\uc744\u00a0Dispaly\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\ub2ec\ub7ec<\/span>\u00a0\uae30\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc9c0\uc5ed<\/span>\u00a0\ud654\ud3d0\u00a0\uae30\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc744<\/span>\u00a0Display \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

1000<\/span>\ub2e8\uc704\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\u00a0\uae30\ud638\ub97c\u00a0Display \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ub9c8\uc774\ub108\uc2a4\u00a0\uae30\ud638(\uc74c\uc218\uac12)<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc74c\uc218\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uad04\ud638\ub85c\u00a0\ubb36\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uacfc\ud559\uc801<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\ud638\ud45c\uc2dc(\ud615\uc2dd\uc740\u00a04\uac1c\uc758\u00a0E\ub97c\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/p>\n

10<\/span>\uc744\u00a0n\ubc88\u00a0\uacf1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. (n=V\ub4a4\uc758\u00a09\uc758\u00a0\uc218)<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc601\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a00\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0display\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc22b\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0TO_CHAR\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0‘order’||TO_CHAR(id)||<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0‘was filled for a total of’<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0||TO_CHAR(total, ‘fm$9,999,999′)NOTE<\/p>\n

4 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

5 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0ship_date = ’21-SEP-92’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\uc2dc\u00a0\ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\u00a0\uae30\ud638(#)\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc774\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uba74\u00a0\ucda9\ubd84\ud55c\u00a0\uc790\ub9bf\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ud544\uc694\ub85c\u00a0\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub2e4\ub294\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc624\ub77c\ud0747 \uc11c\ubc84\ub294\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ub41c\u00a0\uc790\ub9bf\uc218\ub85c\u00a0\ubc18\uc62c\ub9bc\u00a0\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TO_NUMBER<\/span>\uc640\u00a0TO_DATE\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0TO_NUMBER \ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TO_NUMBER(char)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744\u00a0TO_DATE \ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– TO_DATE(’10 September 1992′,’dd Month YYYY’)<\/p>\n

– Use format elements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

TO_DATE(char[, ‘fmt’])<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uc911\ucca9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\u00a0\uac78\uccd0\u00a0\uc911\ucca9\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc911\ucca9\ub41c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\ud558\uc704\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\uc0c1\uc704\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\u00a0\uc21c\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc21c\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0F3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(F2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(F1 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(co1, arg1), \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0arg2), \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0arg3)<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n\u2191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nStep1=Reselut1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nStep2=Reselut2<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nStep3=Reselut3<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc911\ucca9<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218(Nesting Function)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NVL(TO_CHAR(manager_id), ‘No Manager’)<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0manager_id IS NULL;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1. <\/span>\uc22b\uc790\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ud658\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0\ub0b4\ubd80\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Result1 = TO_CHAR(manager_id)<\/p>\n

2. <\/span>\ub110\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub300\uce58\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– NVL(Result1, ‘No Manager’)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc911\ucca9<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218(Nesting Function)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0TO_CHAR(NEXT_DAY(ADD_MONTHS<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(date_ordered,6), \u00a0‘FRIDAY’),<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0‘fmDay, Month ddth, YYYY’)<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0‘New 6 Month Review”<\/p>\n

5 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

6 ORDER BY date_ordered;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1. <\/span>\ub0b4\ubd80\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Result1 = ADD_MONTHS(date_ordered, 6)<\/p>\n

2. <\/span>\uadf8\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Result2 = NEXT_DAY(Result1, ‘FRIDAY’)<\/p>\n

3. <\/span>\uc678\ubd80\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Result3 = TO_CHAR(Result2, ‘fmDay, Month ddth, YYYY’)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

3. <\/span>\ubcf5\uc218\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\ud68c<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc870\uc778<\/span>\u00a0(Join)\uc774\ub780?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uc778\uc740\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc870\ud68c\uc2dc\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud589\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0\uacf5\ud1b5\ub41c\u00a0\uac12, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0Primary Key \ubc0f\u00a0Foreign Key \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc870\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uc778\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95<\/span><\/p>\n

– Equijoin<\/p>\n

– Non-equijoin<\/p>\n

– Outer join<\/p>\n

– Self join<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cartesian Product<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Cartesian product<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\ub7b5\ud55c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc774\u00a0\uc798\ubabb\ub41c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uccab\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc774\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\uacfc\u00a0\uc870\uc778\uc774\u00a0\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Cartesian product<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ud53c\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294\u00a0WHERE\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\ud56d\uc0c1\u00a0\uc815\ud655\ud55c\u00a0\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uc778\u00a0Query<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0table.column, table.column<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table1, table2<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0\u00a0table1.column1 = table2.column2;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022WHERE <\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0column\uba85\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0column \uba85\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc744\uc2dc\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uba85\uc744\u00a0column\uba85\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd99\uc5ec\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc811\ub450\uc0ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc811\ub450\uc0ac\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368\u00a0\uc131\ub2a5\uc744\u00a0\ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0column\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0column alias\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc5ec\u00a0\uad6c\ubcc4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0Alias<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0alias\ub85c\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uba85\ud655\ud788\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub9cc\u00a0\uc720\ud6a8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Alias<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud55c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc774\ub984\u00a0\ub300\uc2e0\uc5d0\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0alias\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0column \ucc38\uc870\uc2dc\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0error <\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc744\u00a0\ubc29\uc9c0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0c.name “Customer Name”,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0c.region_id “Region ID”,<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0r.name “Region Name”<\/p>\n

4 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_customer c, s_region r<\/p>\n

5 WHERE \u00a0c.region_id = r.id;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Non-Equijoin<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Non-equijoin<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0column\ub3c4\u00a0join\ud560\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc77c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uce58\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc744\uc2dc\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uc778\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\ub3d9\ub4f1( = )\uc774\uc678\uc758\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0e.ename, e.job, e.sal, s.grade<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0emp e, salgrade s<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0e.sal BETWEEN s.losal AND s.hisal;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Outer Join<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ubabb\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uae30\uc704\ud574\u00a0outer join\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Outer join <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\u00a0“( + )”\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uc778\uc2dc\ud0ac\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uc778\uce21\uc5d0\u00a0“( + )”\ub97c\u00a0\uc704\uce58\u00a0\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SELECT \u00a0table.column, table.column<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table1, table2<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0table1.column( + ) = table2.column;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Outer join : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uace0\uac1d\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ub2f4\ub2f9\u00a0\uc601\uc5c5\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4\ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc601\uc5c5\uc0ac\uc6d0\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0\uace0\uac1d\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0display <\/span>\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0e.last_name, e.id, c.name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp e, s_customer c<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0e.id( + ) + c.sales_rep_id<\/p>\n

4 ORDER BY \u00a0e.id<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Outer join <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\uc758\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud3b8\uc5d0\ub9cc\u00a0\uc62c\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Outer join<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

– IN <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– OR <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5f0\uacb0\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Self Join : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Self join<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uacfc\u00a0\uc870\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac19\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0alias\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0FROM\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc774\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0worker.last_name||’ works for ‘||<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0manager.last_name<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp worker, s_emp manager<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0worker.manager_id = manager.id;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4. Group <\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub8f9<\/span>\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ub2f9\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0return \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0SELECT \ubc0f\u00a0HAVING \uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f8\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0GROUP BY\uc808\uc740\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ud654\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022HAVING <\/span>\uc808\uc740\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0GROUP BY \uc808\uacfc\u00a0HAVING\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0column, group_function<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0condition]<\/p>\n

[GROUP BY \u00a0group_by_expression]<\/p>\n

[HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0group_condition]<\/p>\n

[ORDER BY \u00a0column]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022GROUP BY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\ub204\uc5b4\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022HAVING <\/span>\uc808\uc740\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud574\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group <\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AVG(DISTINCT|ALL|n)<\/td>\n\ub110\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud55c\u00a0n\uac1c\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\ud3c9\uade0\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COUNT(DISTINCT|ALL|exper|<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud589\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac1c\uc218, expr\uc740\u00a0\ub110\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\uac83\uc744\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

COUNT<\/span>\ub294\u00a0*\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub110\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\ub3c4\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud5e4\uc544\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

MAX(DISTINCT|ALL|expr)<\/td>\n\ucd5c\ub300\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MAX(DISTINCT|ALL|expr)<\/td>\n\ucd5c\uc18c\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
STDDEV(DISTINCT|ALL|n)<\/td>\n\ub110\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud55c\u00a0n\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\u00a0\ud3b8\ucc28<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SUM(DISTINCT|ALL|n)<\/td>\n\ub110\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud55c\u00a0n\uc758\u00a0\ud569\uacc4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
VARIANCE(DISTINCT|ALL|n)<\/td>\n\ub110\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud55c\u00a0n\uc758\u00a0\ubd84\uc0b0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Group<\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT MIN(last_name), MAX(last_name)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT AVG(salary), MAX(salary),<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MIN(salary), SUN(salary)<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE UPPER(title) LIKE ‘SALES%’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0AVG\ub098\u00a0SUM\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0datatype\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0MAX\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COUNT <\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022COUNT( * )<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT COUNT( * )<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE dep_id \u00a0= 31;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022COUNT(expr)<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub110\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT COUNT(commission_pct)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE dept_id = 21;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY<\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0column, group_function<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0condition]<\/p>\n

[GROUP BY \u00a0group_by_expression]<\/p>\n

ORDER BY \u00a0column];<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Group BY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\ub215\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uba85\uc744\u00a0Group\ud568\uc218\uc640\u00a0SELECT\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0\uc790\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0Group BY\ub4a4\uc5d0\u00a0Column<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uba85\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ubc14\uafc9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY<\/span>\uc808\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, last_name, dept_id DEPARTMENT<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0dept_id = 41;<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0ID \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0LAST_NAME \u00a0\u00a0DEPARTMENT<\/p>\n

?????<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0??????????????\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0?????????????????<\/span><\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ngao \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a041<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Urguhart \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a041<\/p>\n

16 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Maduro \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a041<\/p>\n

17 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Smith \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a041<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/span>?\u00a04\uba85\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc774\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ubc88\ud638\ub85c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>?\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ub418\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ubc88\ud638<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>?\u00a041\uc740\u00a04\ubc88\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY <\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0column, group_function<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0condition]<\/p>\n

[GROUP BY group_by_expression]<\/p>\n

[ORDER BY column];<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Group By<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\ub215\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uba85\uc744\u00a0Group\ud568\uc218\uc640\u00a0SELECT\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0\uc790\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0Group BY\ub4a4\uc5d0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0Column<\/span>\uba85\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ORDER BY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ubc14\uafc9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY <\/span>\uc808\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id, COUNT(*) “Number”<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 41<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0GROUP BY dept_id;<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

DEPT_ID \u00a0\u00a0NUMBER<\/p>\n

????????????<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0???????????<\/span><\/p>\n

41 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0Group BY\uc808\uc740\u00a0WHERE\uc808\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ub41c\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0display\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0\u00a0COUNT(*)\ub294\u00a0display\ub41c\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c(\uadf8\ub8f9)\uc758\u00a0\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0display\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY <\/span>\uc808\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uac01\u00a0\uc2e0\uc6a9\ub3c4\ubcc4\u00a0\uace0\uac1d\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0credit_rating, COUNT( * ) “#Cust”<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_customer<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0credit_rating;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc9c1\uae09\uba85\uacfc\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\uc9c1\uae09\ub2f9\u00a0\uc6d4\uae09\uc5ec\u00a0\ud559\uacc4\uc561<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title, SUM(salary) PAYROLL<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title NOT LIKE ‘VP%’<\/p>\n

4 GROUP BY title<\/p>\n

5 ORDER BY SUM(salary)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group BY <\/span>\uc808\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Group BY<\/span>\ub4a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc624\ub294\u00a0column\uc774\u00a0\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc\u00a0SELECT\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc740\u00a0\uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>SELECT\ubb38\u00a0\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0column\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0Group BY\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0Group BY \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758\u00a0column\uc774\u00a0SELECT\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f0\uc77c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ub354\uc6b1\u00a0\ub354\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8\uac00\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title, MAX(salary)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 GROUP BY \u00a0title;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group<\/span>\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc798\ubabb\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0Query<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022SELECT list<\/span>\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c\u00a0column\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\ub3c4\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0Group <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0BY<\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\uc640\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Group BY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc62c\ubc14\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc744\uc2dc\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0error\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0region_id, COUNT(name)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept;<\/p>\n

SELECT region_id, COUNT(name)<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

ERROR at line 1;<\/p>\n

ORA-00937: not a single-group grup function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Group<\/span>\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc798\ubabb\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0Query<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0WHERE\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0HAVING\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DEPT_ID, avg(salary)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp;<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AVG(salary) > 2000<\/p>\n

4 GROUP BY \u00a0dept_id<\/p>\n

WHERE AVG(salary) > 2000<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

ERROR at line 3;<\/p>\n

ORA-00934: group function is not allowed here<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub8f9\ub0b4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Group BY <\/span>\ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\ub098\uc5f4\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ubd80\uadf8\ub8f9\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\uc5bb\uc744\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Group BY<\/span>\uc808\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0column \uc21c\uc11c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\uc758\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\uac00\u00a0\uacb0\uc815\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id, title, COUNT( * )<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 GROUP BY \u00a0dept_id, title;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHERE<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\ud589\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, title<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0last_name LIKE ‘V%’;<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0WHERE\uc808<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(<\/span>\ud589\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LAST_NAME \u00a0TITLE<\/p>\n

????????????????<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0??????????????<\/span><\/p>\n

Velasquez \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0President<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0WHERE\uc808\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ub41c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc744\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0display <\/span>\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

HAVING<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc758\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQL>COLUMN \u00a0\u00a0“ANNUAL SALARY” FORMAT $9,999.99<\/p>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title, 12*AVG(salary) “ANNUAL SALARY”,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COUNT(*) “NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES”<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 GROUP BY title<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05 HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COUNT(*) > 2; \u00a0\u2190 HAVING <\/span>\uc808(\uadf8\ub8f9\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

TITLE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ANNUAL SALARY \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES<\/p>\n

???????????????????<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0?????????????????????\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0???????????????????????????????????<\/span><\/p>\n

Sales Representative \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$17,712.00 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05<\/p>\n

Stock Clerk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$11,388.0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a010<\/p>\n

Warehouse Manager \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$14,776.8 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

HAVING<\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ub41c\ub300\ub85c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc758\u00a0\uc9c1\uae09\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0display \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. ?<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

HAVING<\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0column, group_function<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0condition]<\/p>\n

[GROUP BY group_by_expression]<\/p>\n

[HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0group_condition]<\/p>\n

[ORDER BY column];<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uadf8\ub8f9\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\uc2dc\u00a0HAVING\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– STEP 1 : <\/span>\ud589\ub4e4\uc774\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ud551\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– STEP 2 : <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\ud568\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc5d0\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– STEP 3 : HAVING <\/span>\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ub4e4\uc774\u00a0display \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

HAVING <\/span>\uc808\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
“President” <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\uc740\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title, SUM(salary) PAYROLL<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0title NOT LIKE ‘VP%’<\/p>\n

4 GROUP BY title<\/p>\n

5 HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SUM(salary) > 5000<\/p>\n

6 ORDER BY SUM(salary);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

HAVING <\/span>\uc808\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022SELECT list <\/span>\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5c6\uc774\u00a0GROUP BY\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\u00a0\uadfc\uac70\ud55c\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\uc2dc\u00a0GROUP BY\uc808\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0HAVING\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 GROUP BY dept_id<\/p>\n

4 HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SUM(salary) > 4000;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

5. Subqueries<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subquery<\/span>\ub780?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nSELECT Syntax<\/p>\n

SELECT…<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Main Query <\/span>\u3441<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0FROM…<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0WHERE…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

SELECT Syntax<\/p>\n

(SELECT…<\/p>\n

FROM…<\/p>\n

WHERE…);<\/td>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0Subquery<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subqueries<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0select_list<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0\u00a0expr operator<\/p>\n

(SELECT select_list<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0table);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\ud55c\uc758\u00a0SQL \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758\u00a0\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0nested \ub41c\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0main query \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ubc88\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub294\u00a0main outer query\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subquery Guidelines<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uad04\ud638\ub85c\u00a0\ubb36\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub450\u00a0\uc885\ub958\uc758\u00a0\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774\u00a0Subquery\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4\u00a0: \ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ubcf5\uc218\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc5d0\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub9ce\uc740\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0ORDER BY\uc808\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nested Subquery<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1. Nested SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc774\u00a0\uba3c\uc800\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. <\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\uac00\u00a0main query\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span><\/p>\n

Nested query<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Main query<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SELECT \u00a0dept_id<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0last_name = ‘Biri’;<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

SELECT \u00a0last_name, title<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0dept_id =<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\u2191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589<\/span>\u00a0Subquery<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
SELECT \u00a0last_name, title<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0title =<\/td>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc758\u00a0\uc131\uc744\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0display <\/span>\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0SQL<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SELECT \u00a0title<\/p>\n

FORM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0last_name = ‘Smith’<\/td>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0Smith\uc758\u00a0\uc9c1\ucc45\uc744\u00a0\uc54c\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\uc704\ud55c\u00a0SQL \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL> SELECT \u00a0last_name, title<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0WHERE \u00a0title =<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0(SELECT title<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0WHERE \u00a0last_name = ‘Smith’);<\/td>\n

?<\/span>\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud569\uccd0<\/span><\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>\uc774\u00a0Smith\uc758\u00a0\uc9c1\ucc45\uc744\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\uacb0\uc815\ud558\uac8c<\/span>\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subquery<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ud568\uc218\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
AVG <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, title, salary<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0salay <<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(SELECT AVG(salary)<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Subquery <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc2dc\u00a0Error<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub9cc\uc57d\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc8fc\ub294\u00a0subquery\ub97c\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\ud589\u00a0\ube44\uad50\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc640\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0error<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Error<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc815\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ube44\uad50\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\ubcf5\uc218\ud589\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc778\u00a0IN\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, title, dept_id<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0last_name =<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(SELECT MIN(last_name)<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FROM \u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0GROUP BY dept_id);<\/p>\n

ORA-1427 : single-row subquery returns more than one row<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Multiple Row Subquery : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Multiple Row subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uac12\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc740\u00a0WHERE\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0\ubcf5\uc218\ud589\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790, \uc608\ub97c\u00a0\ub4e4\uba74\u00a0IN \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\uc758\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0subquery\uc758\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0last_name, title, dept_id<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0(dept_id, salary) IN<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(SELECT dept_id, MIN(salary)<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FROM \u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0GROUP BY dept_id);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Subquery<\/span>\uc2dc\u00a0HAVING\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022HAVING<\/span>\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0subquery \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\ub294\u00a0subquery\ub97c\u00a0\uba3c\uc800\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc11c\ubc84\ub294\u00a0main query\uc758\u00a0HAVING\uc808\uc5d0\u00a0subquery\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ub3cc\ub824\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id, AVG(salary)<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 GROUP BY dept_id<\/p>\n

4 HAVING \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AVG(salary) ><\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(SELECT AVG(salary)<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FROM \u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WHERE dept_id = 32);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

6. SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1c\uc694<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ubc94<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc8fc<\/span><\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Environment<\/td>\nSQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc791\ub3d9\uc5d0\u00a0\uc601\ud5a5\uc744\u00a0\uc90c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Format<\/td>\nQuery <\/span>\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\ud654<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
File manipulation<\/td>\n\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5, \uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Execution<\/td>\n\ubc84\ud37c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130<\/span>\u00a0Oracle7\uc11c\ubc84\ub85c\u00a0SQL\uc774\ub098\u00a0PL\/SQL \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc804\uc1a1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Edit<\/td>\n\ubc84\ud37c<\/span>\u00a0\ub0b4\uc758\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Interaction<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c<\/span>\u00a0SQL \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec, \ubcc0\uc218\uac12\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825, \ud654\uba74\uc5d0\u00a0\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Miscellaneous<\/td>\n\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc811\uc18d, SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \ud658\uacbd\u00a0\uc870\uc791, column\uc815\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c\u00a0\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\ube44\uad50<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/td>\nSQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\uc11c\u00a0\uc624\ub77c\ud074\u00a0\uc11c\ubc84\uc640\u00a0\ud1b5\uc2e0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc5b8\uc5b4<\/span><\/td>\nSQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0\u00a0\uc804\uc1a1<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\ubbf8\uad6d<\/span>\u00a0\uad6d\uac00\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c<\/span><\/p>\n

(ANSI:American National Standards Institute)<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\u00a0SQL\uc744\u00a0\uae30\ucd08\ub85c\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n

SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0\uc624\ub77c\ud074\u00a0\uc790\uccb4\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub97c\u00a0\uc870\uc791<\/span><\/td>\n\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud558\ub098\uc774\uc0c1\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\uc774\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Buffer\ub85c\u00a0\ub4e4\uc5b4\uac10<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud55c\ubc88\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\ub9cc\u00a0\uc785\ub825: SQL \ubc84\ud37c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ucd95\uc57d\ub420<\/span>\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n\ucd95\uc57d<\/span>\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud544\uc694\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\uc11c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n\uc885\ub8cc<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ud544\uc694\uce58\u00a0\uc54a\uc74c; \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub294\u00a0\uc989\uc2dc\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub428<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud3ec\ub9f7\ud305\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\ud654\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\ube44\uad50<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EDIT [filename[.ext]]<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ubc84\ud37c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8\u00a0\uc6b4\uc601\uccb4\uc81c\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\uae30\ub85c\u00a0\ubd88\ub7ec\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SAV[E] [filename[.ext]]<\/p>\n

[REP[LACE]|APP[END]]<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

SQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc874\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\uc11c\u00a0APPEND\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc874\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\ud574\uc11c\u00a0\uc4f0\ub824\uba74\u00a0REPLACE\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\ud655\uc7a5\uc790\ub294\u00a0sql\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
STA[RT] [filename[.ext]]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. START\ub77c\ub294\u00a0\uba85\ub839\u00a0\ub300\uc2e0\uc5d0\u00a0@\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\ud655\uc7a5\uc790\uac00\u00a0.sql\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2c8\uba74, \ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\ud655\uc7a5\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GET filename[.ext]<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

SQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\uc5d0\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\uae30\ub85d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud30c\uc77c\uba85\uc758\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ud655\uc7a5\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0.lis\uc774\uac70\ub098\u00a0.lst\uc774\u00a0\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SPO[OL] [filename[.ext]<\/p>\n

|OFF|OUT]<\/td>\n

\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0query \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. OFF\ub294\u00a0\uc2a4\ud480\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\ub2eb\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

HOST<\/td>\nSQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uace0\ub3c4\u00a0\ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8\u00a0\uc6b4\uc601\uccb4\uc81c\uc758\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SET <\/span>\ud658\uacbd\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SET <\/span>\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022SET <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uc158\u00a0\ud658\uacbd\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>Login.sql\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0\ub85c\uadf8\uc778\uc2dc\uc5d0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub418\ub294\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\u00a0SET \uba85\ub839\uacfc\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\uc678\uc758\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc774\u00a0\ub4e4\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Login.sql<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc218\uc815\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ubd80\uac00\uc801\uc778\u00a0SET \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SET <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SET <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\uc640\u00a0\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ARRAY[SIZE] {<\/span>20<\/span>|n}<\/span><\/td>\n\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc778\ucd9c\u00a0\ud06c\uae30\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COLSEP {_|text}<\/td>\nColumn <\/span>\uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ub420\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc124\uc815, \uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc740\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc784<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ECHO <\/span>OFF<\/span>|ON<\/span><\/td>\n\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc774\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub420\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\u00a0\uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c\u00a0\uacb0\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FEED[BACK] {<\/span>6<\/span>|n|OFF|ON}<\/span><\/td>\nFeedback <\/span>\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HEAD[ING] {OFF|<\/span>ON<\/span>}<\/span><\/td>\nColumn<\/span>\uc758\u00a0Heading \ucd9c\ub825\u00a0\uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c\u00a0\uacb0\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LINE[SIZE] {<\/span>80<\/span>|n}<\/span><\/td>\n\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\ub2f9\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LONG {<\/span>80<\/span>|n}<\/span><\/td>\nLONG <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ucd5c\ub300\u00a0\ud3ed\uc744\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAGES[IZE] {<\/span>24<\/span>|n}<\/span><\/td>\n\ucd9c\ub825<\/span>\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub2f9\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\uc758\u00a0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAU[SE] {<\/span>OFF<\/span>|ON|text}<\/span><\/td>\n\ub2e8\ub9d0\uae30\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud654\uba74\u00a0\uc774\ub3d9\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uba38\ub9ac\uae00\uacfc\u00a0\ubc14\ub2e5\uae00\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\uacfc\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\u00a0\ub118\uae40\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc911\ubcf5\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc81c\uac70<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc18c\uacc4\uc640\u00a0\ucd1d\uacc4\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0heading \ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span>\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c(\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c)\uc740\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc640\u00a0SQL SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ub9f7\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc7ac\uc124\uc815\ud558\uae30\ub3c4\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc740\u00a0\uac01\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \ud3ec\ub9f7\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ubaa9<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc801<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COL[UMN] [Column <\/span>\uc635\uc158]<\/span><\/td>\nColumn<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TTI[TLE] [text|OFF|ON]<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\u00a0\uc0c1\ub2e8\uc5d0\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294\u00a0\uba38\ub9ac\uae00\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BTI[TLE] [text|OFF|ON]<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\u00a0\ud558\ub2e8\uc5d0\u00a0\ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294\u00a0\ubc14\ub2e5\uae00\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BRE[AK] [ON Report-list]<\/td>\n\ub77c\uc778<\/span>\u00a0\ub118\uae40\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubc30\uc81c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COMP[UTE] [<\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0OF {Column} ON {Column}]<\/span><\/td>\n\ud569\uacc4\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\ud568<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COLUMN <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
COL[UMN] [{Column|alias} [<\/span>\uc635\uc158]]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022CLE[AR] – column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc6c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022FOR[MAT] <\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0– \ud615\uc2dd\ubaa8\ub378\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\u00a0\ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022HEA[DING] text – column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0heading \uc124\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022JUS[TIFY] {<\/span>\uc815\ub82c} – column\uc758\u00a0heading\uc744\u00a0\uc67c\ucabd, \uc911\uc559, \ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc5d0\u00a0\uc815\ub82c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COLUMN <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0Heading \uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COL last_name HEADING ‘Employee|Name’ FORMAT A15<\/p>\n

COL salary JUSTIFY LEFT FORMAT $99,990.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022LAST_NAME column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COLUMN last_name<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022LAST_NAME column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc6c0(\uc124\uc815\u00a0\ud574\uc81c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COLUMN last_name CLEAE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COLUMN <\/span>\uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc758\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\uc9c0\uc6c0(\uc124\uc815\u00a0\ud574\uc81c)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COL Column<\/td>\n\uba85\uc2dc\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COL<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COL Column CLE<\/td>\n\uba85\uc2dc\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud574\uc81c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CLE COL<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud574\uc81c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COLUMN <\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\ubaa8\ub378<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc694\uc18c<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n\uc608<\/td>\n\uacb0\uacfc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
An<\/td>\n\ubb38\uc790\uc640<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0n\ub9cc\ud07c\uc758\u00a0\ud3ed\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n\uc790\ub9ac\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\ud604<\/span><\/td>\n999999<\/td>\n1234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\n\uc55e\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a00\uc744\u00a0\ubd99\uc784<\/span><\/td>\n909999<\/td>\n01234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$<\/td>\n\ub2ec\ub7ec<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\ud638\uc758\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n$9999<\/td>\n$1234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L<\/td>\n\uad6d\ub0b4<\/span>\u00a0\ud1b5\ud654\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\nL9999<\/td>\nL1234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
.<\/td>\n\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc704\uce58\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\ud604<\/span><\/td>\n9999.99<\/td>\n1234.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
,<\/td>\n\ucc9c<\/span>\u00a0\ub2e8\uc704\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\uc790\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n9,999<\/td>\n1,234<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TTITLE<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0BTITLE \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
TTI[TLE] \u00a0[[text|<\/span>\ubcc0\uc218]] [OFF|ON]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TTITLE<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc124\uc815\uac12\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294\u00a0\uc911\uc559\uc5d0, \ub0a0\uc9dc\ub294\u00a0\uc67c\ucabd\u00a0\ub05d\uc5d0, \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\ub294\u00a0\uc624\ub978\ucabd\u00a0\ub05d\uc5d0,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc218\uc9c1\u00a0\ub9c9\ub300( | )\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\uac78\uccd0\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

TTITLE \u00a0‘Salary|Report’<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud560\u00a0\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
1. SQL SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

2. SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0OPEn<\/span><\/p>\n

4. SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ud3ec\ub9f7\ud305\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

5. SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0“\/” \uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

6. SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\u00a0\uc774\ud6c4\uc758\u00a0\ud3ec\ub9f7\ud305\u00a0\uba85\ub839\u00a0\ud574\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

7. <\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

8. <\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0“START \ud30c\uc77c\uba85”\uc744\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

BREAK <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
BRE[AK] \u00a0[ON element [action]]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022BREAK <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ubcf4\uae30\u00a0\uc88b\uac8c\u00a0\ud568.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uacf5\ubc31\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc911\ubcf5\uac12\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Query<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0ORDER BY \uc808\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0BREAK \uba85\ub839\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COMPUTE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
COMP[UTE] <\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0[LAB[EL] text]<\/span><\/p>\n

OF \u00a0\u00a0column…<\/p>\n

ON \u00a0\u00a0break column<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022COMPUTE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud569\uacc4\uc640\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc778\uc1c4\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ub808\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

COMPUTE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AVG<\/td>\n\ud3c9\uade0\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COU[NT]<\/td>\n\ub110\uc774<\/span>\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\uac12\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MAX[IMUM]<\/td>\n\ucd5c\ub300\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MIN[IMUM]<\/td>\n\ucd5c\uc18c\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
STD<\/td>\n\ud45c\uc900\ud3b8\ucc28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SUM<\/td>\n\uac12\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud569\uacc4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
VAR[IANCE]<\/td>\n\ubd84\uc0b0\uac12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COMPUTE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022REPORT<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0break column\uc744\u00a0COMPUTE \uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0COMPUTE \uba85\ub839\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0break column\uc744\u00a0\ub098\uc5f4\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0COMPUTE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud560\u00a0\uc218\ub3c4\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

BREAK ON title SKIP 1 ON REPORT<\/p>\n

COMPUTE SUM LABEL ‘Subtotal’ –<\/p>\n

OF salary ON title<\/p>\n

COMPUTE SUM LABEL ‘Grand Total’ –<\/p>\n

OF salary ON REPORT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7. <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uce58\ud658<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218(Substitution Variable)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc758\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc(&)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc774\uc911\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc(&&)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DEFINE<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0ACCEPT \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\uc640\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ubc94\uc704\uc758\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uba38\ub9ac\uae00\uacfc\u00a0\ubc14\ub2e5\uae00\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e8\uc77c<\/span>\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\uac00\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd99\uc740\u00a0\uce58\ud658\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc774\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub420\u00a0\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc694\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, last_name, salary<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0dept_id = &department_number ;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Enter value for department_number : 31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e8\uc77c<\/span>\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\ud45c\uae30\ubc95<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud45c<\/span>\u00a0\uae30\u00a0\ubc95<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
&user_variable<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

SQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc758\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218. \ubcc0\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\uc73c\uba74\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub294\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba85\ub839\uc774\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub420\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc694\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
&&user_variable<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uac00\u00a0\uc138\uc158\ub3d9\uc548\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc7ac\uc124\uc815\ub418\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub420\u00a0\ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc640\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub2e4\ub294\u00a0\uac83\ub9cc\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud558\uba74\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\uc640\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc5ed\ud560\uc744\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc774\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub420\u00a0\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubb3b\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SET VERIFY <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uac00\u00a0\uce58\ud658\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uae30\u00a0\uc804\ud6c4\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SET VERIFY ON<\/p>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, last_name, salary<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0dept_id = &department_number ;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Enter value for department_number : 31<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

old 3 : WHERE dept_id = &department_number<\/p>\n

new 3 : WHERE dept_id = 31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uce58\ud658<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ub530\uc634\ud45c\ub85c\u00a0\uc5d0\uc6cc\uc2f8\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ub530\uc634\ud45c\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\uc640\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\uc778\uc6a9\ubd80\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, last_name, salary<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0title = ‘&job_title’ ;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Enter value for job_title : Stock_Clerk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0Column\uba85\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc808\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ubc1b\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\uc74c\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ubc1b\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uce58\ud658\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WHERE <\/span>\uc870\uac74 \u2022ORDER BY \uc808 \u2022Column\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85 \u2022\uc804\uccb4\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, &column_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0&condition;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Enter value for column_name : total<\/p>\n

Enter value for condition : payment_type = ‘CASH’<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc774\uc911<\/span>\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub9e4\ubc88\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uace0\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0\uc774\uc911\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc(&&)\ub97c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ubc88\ub9cc\u00a0\ubcf4\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\uc9c0\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub294\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0\u00a0\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT \u00a0id, &&column_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0&column_name;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Enter value for column_name : total<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc758\u00a0\uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ubbf8\ub9ac\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DEFINE : CHAR <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc720\ud615\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– ACCEPT : <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uc744\u00a0\uc77d\uc5b4\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub294\u00a0\uc774\uc911\u00a0\uc570\ud37c\uc13c\ub4dc\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0DEFINE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DEFINE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc694\ud558\uba74\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\uc744\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ub530\uc634\ud45c\ub85c\u00a0\ubb36\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ACCEPT <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022NUMBER <\/span>\ub610\ub294\u00a0DATE datatype\uc758\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf4\uc548\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uc774\uc720\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc785\ub825\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\uc228\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

ACCEPT p_dname PROMPT ‘Provide the department name: ‘<\/p>\n

ACCEPT p_salary NUMBER PROMPT ‘Salary amount: ‘<\/p>\n

ACCEPT pswd CHAR PROMPT ‘Password: ‘ HIDE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

UNDELETE <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc2dc\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub41c\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c\u00a0\uc874\uc7ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– UNDELETE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\ub54c\u00a0\uae4c\uc9c0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\uc838\u00a0\ub098\uc62c\ub54c\u00a0\uae4c\uc9c0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DEFINE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubcc0\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\u00a0&number \ud45c\uae30\ubc95\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba85\ub839\ud589\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uad6c\ub3d9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc774\ub984\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01\u00a0\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc704\uce58\ub294\u00a0\uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>START my_file value1 value2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8. <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Oracle7 <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\ub294\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud615\ud0dc\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Table \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– View \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud558\ub098\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\ubd84\uc9d1\ud569(\uac00\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0Table)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Sequence \u00a0Primary Key <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Index \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Query<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc131\ub2a5\u00a0\ud5a5\uc0c1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\uc124\uacc4\ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0\uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud06c\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\ubbf8\ub9ac\u00a0\uc815\ud560\u00a0\ud544\uc694\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc218\uc815\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CREATE TABLE [<\/span>\uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8.] \ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(column datatype [DEFAULT <\/span>\uc2dd]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[column <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74],<\/span><\/p>\n

….<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74]);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CREATE TABLE<\/p>\n

\u2022A storage area<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub2e4\ub978<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ucc38\uc870(REFERENCE)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uc18d\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc740\u00a0\ud604\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc5d0\u00a0\uc811\ub450\uc5b4\ub85c\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DEFAULT <\/span>\uc635\uc158<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022INSERT<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0default \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
. . .start_date DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE, . . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc720\ud6a8\u00a0\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub9ac\ud130\ub7f4\u00a0\uac12, \uc2dd, \ub610\ub294\u00a0SYSDATE\ub098\u00a0USER \uac19\uc740\u00a0SQL \ud568\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0column \uba85\uc774\ub098\u00a0pseudo column \uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Default <\/span>\uac12\uc758\u00a0datatype\uc740\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0datatype\uacfc\u00a0\uc77c\uce58\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uba85\uba85\ubc95<\/span>(Naming Rule)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud574\uc57c\ub9cc\u00a0\ud558\uace0,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u20221-30<\/span>\uc790\u00a0\uae38\uc774\ub85c,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\ub984\uc740\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0A-Z, a-z, 0-9, _, $, #\ub9cc\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uc758\u00a0Reserved Word\ub294\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Oracle7 Datatype<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Datatype<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
VARCHAR2(size)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774\uac00<\/span>\u00a0size\uc778\u00a0\uac00\ubcc0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\ucd5c\uc18c\uae38\uc774\uac00<\/span>\u00a01, \ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774\ub294\u00a02000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

CHAR(size)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uae38\uc774\uac00<\/span>\u00a0size\uc778\u00a0\uace0\uc815\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\uae30\ubcf8\uae38\uc774\ub294<\/span>\u00a01, \ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774\ub294\u00a0255<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

NUMBER<\/td>\n38<\/span>\uc790\ub9ac\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\u00a0\ubd80\ub3d9\u00a0\uc18c\uc218\uc810\u00a0\uc22b\uc790<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NUMBER(p, s)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

1<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a038\uc758\u00a0\ubc94\uc704\u00a0\uc911\u00a0p\uc758\u00a0\uc790\ub9bf\uc218\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc804\uccb4<\/span>\u00a0\uc790\ub9bf\uc218\u00a0p, \uc18c\uc22b\uc810\u00a0\uc790\ub9bf\uc218\u00a0s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

DATE<\/td>\nB.C. 4712<\/span>\ub144\u00a01\uc6d4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0A.D. 4712\ub144\u00a012\uc6d4\u00a031\uc77c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\uc790\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LONG<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

2GB<\/span>\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758\u00a0\uac00\ubcc0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub2f9\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0LONG column\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RAW<\/span>\uc640\u00a0LONG RAW<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uac01\uac01<\/span>\u00a0VARCHAR2, LONG\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc9c0\ub9cc\u00a0\uc774\uc9c4\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ub370\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74(Constraints)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc904\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucc38\uc870\ub418\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub97c\u00a0\ubc29\uc9c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Oracle7<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

– NOT NULL \u00a0– UNIQUE<\/p>\n

– PRIMARY KEY \u00a0– FOREIGN KEY<\/p>\n

– CHECK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NOT NULL<\/td>\nColumn<\/span>\uc774\u00a0NULL \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c8\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc74c\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
UNIQUE<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uace0\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc838\uc57c\ub9cc\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0column\uc774\ub098\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PRIMARY KEY<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc720\uc77c\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\uc2dd\ubcc4\uc9c0\uc744\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0column\uc774\ub098\u00a0column \uc870\ud569\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FOREIGN KEY<\/td>\ncolumn<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0column\uac04\uc758\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\u00a0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CHECK<\/td>\n\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc<\/span>\u00a0\ucc38\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74\u00a0Guidelines<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\uac70\ub098\u00a0SYS_Cn \ud615\uc2dd\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc11c\ubc84\uac00\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\uacfc\u00a0\ub3d9\uc2dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub41c\u00a0\ud6c4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022column<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column <\/span>\ub808\ubca8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
column [CONSTRAINT <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc774\ub984] \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc720\ud615,<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ub808\ubca8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
column, . . .<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[CONSTRAINT <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc774\ub984] \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

(column, . . .),<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

NOT NULL <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ub110\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ubcf4\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column <\/span>\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc608<\/span>) CREATE TABLE friend…<\/span><\/p>\n

phone \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(15) NOT NULL, …<\/p>\n

last_name \u00a0VARCHAR2(25)<\/p>\n

CONSTRAINT friend_last_name_nn NOT NULL, …<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

UNIQUE <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc774\u00a0\ud0a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc774\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub9cc\u00a0\uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0column\uc774\ub098<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Unique Key<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0Column\uc744\u00a0\uae30\ucd08\ub85c\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0null \uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0Column \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022UNIQUE <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

…phone \u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(10)<\/p>\n

CONSTRAINT s_emp_phone_uk UNIQUE,…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PRIMARY KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Primary Key\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0; \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub2e8\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0primary key\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022NULL <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc74c(composite \uc77c\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0Column \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022UNIQUE <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

…id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7)<\/p>\n

CONSTRAINT s_emp_id_pk PRIMARY KEY, …<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

FOREIGN KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0Column\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc744\u00a0Foreign Key\ub85c\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub3d9\uc77c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0primary key\ub098\u00a0unique Key \uac04\uc758\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uac04\uc758\u00a0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0Column \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Parent <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uac12\uacfc\u00a0\uc77c\uce58\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0null\uc774\u00a0\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

…dept_id \u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7)<\/p>\n

CONSTRAINT s_emp_dept_id_fk<\/p>\n

REFERENCES s_dept(id),…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

FOREIGN KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022FOREIGN KEY<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0child \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758(\ucc38\uc870\ud560\u00a0column)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022REFERENCES<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ucc38\uc870\ub420\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CHECK <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uac01\u00a0\ud589\uc774\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud5c8\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub294\u00a0\uc2dd\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CURRVAL, NEXTVAL, LEVEL, ROWNUM pseudo column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– SYSDATE, UID, USER, USERENV <\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub294\u00a0query<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0column \ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\ucc60\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\uae30\ucd08\ub85c\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
1. <\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131. CREATE TABLE \ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Column<\/span>\uba85, Datatype, \uae38\uc774\ub97c\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Column <\/span>\ub808\ubca8\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0NOT NULL \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0PRIMARY KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0column\uc740\u00a0\uc81c\uc678<\/span><\/p>\n

4. PRIMARY KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

5. UNIQUE, CHECK, FOREIGN KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

6. <\/span>\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\ucc60\ud2b8\u00a0: S_DEPT<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Column<\/span>\uba85<\/span><\/td>\nID<\/td>\nNAME<\/td>\nREGION_ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud0a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/td>\nPK<\/td>\n<\/td>\nFK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NN\/UK<\/td>\nNN, U<\/td>\nNN, U2<\/td>\nU2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FK <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nREGION<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FK column<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Datatype<\/td>\nNUMBER<\/td>\nVARCHAR<\/td>\nNUMBER<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uae38\uc774<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sample Data<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

10<\/p>\n

31<\/p>\n

32<\/p>\n

33<\/td>\n

Finance<\/p>\n

Sales<\/p>\n

Sales<\/p>\n

Sales<\/td>\n

1<\/p>\n

1<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
SQL>CREATE TABLE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 (id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7)<\/p>\n

3 CONSTRAINT s_emp_id_pk PRIMARY KEY,<\/p>\n

4 last_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR(25)<\/p>\n

5 CONSTRAINT s_emp_name_nn NOT NULL,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06 first_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(25),<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

7 userid \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(8)<\/p>\n

8 CONSTRAINT s_emp_userid_nn NOT NULL<\/p>\n

9 CONSTRAINT s_emp_userid_uk UNIQUE,<\/p>\n

10 start_date \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE,<\/p>\n

11 comments \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(25),<\/p>\n

12 manager_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7),<\/p>\n

13 title \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(25),<\/p>\n

14 dept_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7)<\/p>\n

15 CONSTRAINT s_emp_dept_id_fk REFERENCES s_dept (id),<\/p>\n

16 salary \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(11,2),<\/p>\n

17 commission_pct NUMBER(4,2)<\/p>\n

18 CONSTRAINT s_emp_commission_pct_ck CHECK<\/p>\n

19 (commission_pct IN(10,12.5,15,17.5,20)));<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\ucc60\ud2b8\u00a0: S_EMP<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Column<\/span>\uba85<\/span><\/td>\nID<\/td>\nLAST_NAME<\/td>\nUSERID<\/td>\nSTART_DATE<\/td>\nCOMMISSION_PCT<\/td>\nDEPT_ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud0a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/td>\nPK<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nFK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NN\/UK<\/td>\nNN, U<\/td>\nNN<\/td>\nNN, U<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FK <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nS_DEPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FK column<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Datatype<\/td>\nNUMBER<\/td>\nVARCHAR<\/td>\nVARCHAR<\/td>\nDATE<\/td>\nNUMBER<\/td>\nNUMBER<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uae38\uc774<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S_EMP_ID_PK<\/td>\nID column<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0P.K\ub85c\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc774<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\uace0\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

S_EMP_LAST_NAME_NN<\/td>\nLAST_NAME column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0null\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uc9c0\u00a0\ubabb\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S_EMP_USERID_NN<\/td>\nUSERID column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0null\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uc9c0\u00a0\ubabb\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S_EMP_USERID_UK<\/td>\nUSERID column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc911\ubcf5\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S_EMP_DEPTID_UK<\/td>\nS_DEPT <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uac00\u00a0S_EMP \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S_EMP_COMMISSION_PCT_CK<\/td>\ncommission_pct column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus DESCRIBE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\u00a0\uc798\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DESCRIBE s_emp<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Null? \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Type<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>??????????????\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0???????????????\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0???????????????????<\/span><\/p>\n

ID \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NOT NULL \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7)<\/p>\n

LAST_NAME \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NOT NULL \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR(25)<\/p>\n

FIRST_NAME \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR(25)<\/p>\n

USERID \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NOT NULL \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR(8)<\/p>\n

START_DATE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DATE<\/p>\n

. . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

9. Oracle Data Dictionary<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Oracle7 <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804(Data Dictionary)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uc9d1\ud569<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804(Data Dictionary)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uac00\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub420\u00a0\ub54c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\u00a0\ubdf0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0query\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\u00a0\ud68d\ub4dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0Login \ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0USER\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub41c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Auditing <\/span>\uc815\ubcf4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Query<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u20224<\/span>\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\ubc94\uc8fc\uc758\u00a0\ubdf0<\/span><\/p>\n

– USER_<\/p>\n

– ALL_<\/p>\n

– DBA_<\/p>\n

– V$<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\ud0c0\u00a0\ubdf0<\/span><\/p>\n

– DICTIONARY<\/p>\n

– IND<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\uc758\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\uad00\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c<\/span>\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\uac00\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9\ub41c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\uad00\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4<\/span><\/p>\n

DBA <\/span>\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud560\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc11c\ubc84\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc131\ub2a5\uacfc\u00a0Locking\uc5d0\u00a0\uad00\ud55c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c<\/span>\u00a0DBA\uc5d0\uac8c\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14, \ubdf0, synonym\uc744\u00a0display<\/span><\/p>\n

USER_INDEXES<\/span>\uc758\u00a0synonym<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Query : \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0dictionary \ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0display<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT *<\/p>\n

2 FROM DICTIONARY;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022USER_OBJECT <\/span>\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0display<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DESC user_objects<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc18c\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0display<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT objects_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_objects<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0objects_type = ‘TABLE’ ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022DISTINCT <\/span>\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\uc758\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uc720\ud615(object type) \ubcf4\uae30<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT DISTINCT objects_type<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_objects;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022DICTIONARY <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0COMMENTS column\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uc8fc\uc81c\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT *<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0dictionary<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0LOWER(comments) LIKE ‘%grant%’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0\uad00\ub828\u00a0\ubdf0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc815\uc758\uc640\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uace0\uc790\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0USER_CONSTRAINTS\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>) \u2022S_EMP \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uac80\uc0ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT constraint_name, constraint_type,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0search_condition, r_constraint_name<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_constraints<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0table_name = ‘S_EMP’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0Column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubdf0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022USER_CONS_COLUMNS <\/span>\ubdf0\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\u00a0\ud560\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\ubdf0\ub294\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774\u00a0\uc815\ud55c\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\u00a0\ud2b9\ud788\u00a0\uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT constraint_name, column_name<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_cons_columns<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0table_name = ‘S_EMP’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

10. <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791(DML)<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uc791\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uc640\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INSERT<\/td>\n\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
UPDATE<\/td>\n\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DELETE<\/td>\n\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COMMIT<\/td>\n\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0<\/span>\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0DB\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SAVEPOINT<\/td>\nSavepoint <\/span>\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROLLBACK<\/td>\n\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0<\/span>\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ucde8\uc18c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785(INSERT)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022INSERT<\/span>\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INSERT INTO <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0[(column [, column…])]<\/span><\/p>\n

VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(<\/span>\uac12\u00a0[\uac12…]);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ubc88\uc5d0\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\ub9cc\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022INSERT <\/span>\uc808\uc758\u00a0column\uc740\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uae30\uc785\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>INSERT INTO s_dept<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(11, ‘Finance’, 2);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\uc640\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ub530\uc634\ud45c(‘ ‘)\ub85c\u00a0\ub458\ub7ec\uc309\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NULL <\/span>\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Implicit<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022column list<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0column\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uc678\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>INSERT INTO s_dept(id, name)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(12, ‘MIS’);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Explicit<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022VALUES <\/span>\ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0\u00a0\uacf5\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc5f4(‘ ‘)\uc774\ub098\u00a0NULL \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uae30\uc785\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>INSERT INTO s_dept<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(13, ‘Administration’, NULL);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud2b9\uc815\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022USER <\/span>\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0return\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SYSDATE <\/span>\ud568\uc218\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\uc744\u00a0return\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>INSERT INTO s_emp(id, first_name, last_name, userid, salary, start_date)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(26, ‘Donna’, ‘Smith’, USER, NULL, SYSDATE);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0bd\uc785<\/span>\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\uc774\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT id, last_name, first_name, userid, start_date<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0id = 26;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

ID \u00a0LAST_NAME \u00a0FIRST_NAME \u00a0USERID \u00a0START_DAT<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>????\u00a0\u00a0??????????????\u00a0\u00a0???????????????\u00a0\u00a0?????????\u00a0\u00a0??????????????<\/span><\/p>\n

26 \u00a0Smith \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Donna \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SFCL26 \u00a0\u00a001-JAN-96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022TO_DATE <\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0to_date\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>INSERT INTO s_emp(id, first_name, last_name, userid, salary, start_date)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES (26, ‘Donna’, ‘Smith’, USER, NULL, TO_DATE(’01-JAN-96 08:00′,<\/p>\n

3 TO_DATE(’01-JAN-96 08:00′, ‘DD-MON-YY HH:MI));<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Default <\/span>\uac12<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc138\uae30\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\uc138\uae30\uac00\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc2dc\uac04\uc740\u00a0\uc790\uc815\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uce58\ud658<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>INSERT INTO s_emp(id, first_name, last_name, userid, salary, start_date)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(&employee_number, ‘&&first_name’, ‘&last_name’,<\/p>\n

3 LOWER(CONCAT(SUBSTR(‘&first_name’,1,1)<\/p>\n

4 SUBSTR(‘&last_name’,1,7))), NULL, SYSDATE);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\uc758\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus ACCEPT \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus PROMPT \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud55c\u00a0\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SET ECHO OFF<\/p>\n

ACCEPT employee_number-<\/p>\n

PROMPT ‘Please provide the employee number: ‘<\/p>\n

ACCEPT first_name-<\/p>\n

PROMPT ‘Please enter the first name: ‘<\/p>\n

ACCEPT last_name-<\/p>\n

PROMPT ‘Please enter the employee last name: ‘<\/p>\n

INSERT …<\/p>\n

VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(&employee_number, ‘&&first_name’, …<\/p>\n

\/<\/p>\n

SET ECHO ON<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd(UPDATE)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022UPDATE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

UPDATE \u00a0[<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14]<\/span><\/p>\n

SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0column = <\/span>\uac12\u00a0[, column = \uac12…]<\/span><\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0<\/span>\uc870\uac74];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022WHERE <\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\ub7b5\ud558\uba74\u00a0\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0data\uac12\uc774\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud589\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6d0\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uac00\u00a02\uc778\u00a0\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub97c\u00a010\ubc88\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 10<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0id = 2;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6d0\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uac00\u00a01\uc778\u00a0\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub97c\u00a032\ubc88\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c\u00a02550\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 32, salary = 2550<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0id = 1;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
WHERE <\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\uba74\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\uc774\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0commission_pct = 10;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud589\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0: \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0ERROR<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ubd80\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\u00a060\uc740\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5c6\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0error\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 60<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0dept_id = 10;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

update s_emp<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

ERROR at line 1:<\/p>\n

ORA-02291:integrity constraint<\/p>\n

(USR.S_EMP_DEPT_ID_FK) violated – parent key not found<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c(DELETE)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022DELETE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DELETE FROM <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

[WHERE \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc870\uac74];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u20221996<\/span>\ub144\u00a01\uc6d4\u00a0\uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc785\uc0ac\ud55c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DELETE FROM s_emp<\/p>\n

2 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0start_date > TO_DATE(‘01.01.1996′,’DD.MM.YYYY’);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud589<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022WHERE <\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DELETE FROM \u00a0test;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ad\uc81c\ub41c\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT *<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0test;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud589<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0: \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0ERROR<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\ub978<\/span>\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ub418\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0primary key\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\ub824\uace0\u00a0\ud558\uba74\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0error\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560\u00a0\uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DELETE FROM s_dept<\/p>\n

2 WHERE \u00a0region_id = 1;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ERROR at line 1:<\/p>\n

ORA-02292:integrity constraint<\/p>\n

(USR.S_EMP_DEPT_ID_FK) violated – child record found<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc870\uc791(DML) \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub4e4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc815\uc758(DDL) \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc81c\uc5b4(DCL) \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucd5c\ucd08\uc758\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc774\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub418\uba74\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc0ac\uac74\u00a0\uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub85c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– COMMIT <\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DDL<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0DCL \uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589(Automatic Commit)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Error, <\/span>\uc885\ub8cc\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0System Crash<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COMMIT<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0ROLLBACK\uc758\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\ubcf4\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc601\uad6c\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc5f0\uad00\ub41c\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\uc744\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ud551<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Implicit <\/span>\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc790\ub3d9\u00a0COMMIT\uc740\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc0c1\ud669\u00a0\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE <\/span>\uac19\uc740\u00a0DDL \uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– GRANT <\/span>\uac19\uc740\u00a0DCL \uba85\ub839\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0COMMIT\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK\uc744\u00a0\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uace0\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc790\ub3d9\u00a0ROLLBACK\uc740\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ube44\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ub97c\u00a0\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud328\uc2dc\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

COMMIT<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK \uc774\uc804\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc758\u00a0\uc774\uc804\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub294\u00a0\ubcf5\uad6c\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0query\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Oracle7\uc740\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ucd5c\uc885\u00a0COMMIT\uc2dc\u00a0\uc788\ub358\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0Read Consistency\ub97c\u00a0\uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd\ub41c\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740\u00a0Lock\uc774\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0USER\uac00\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COMMIT <\/span>\ud6c4\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc740\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc18\uc601\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\uc804\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294\u00a0\uc601\uc6d0\ud788\u00a0\uc783\ubc84\ub9ac\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Lock\uc740\u00a0\ud480\ub9ac\uace0\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc774\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ucee4\ubc0b\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Education<\/span>\uc774\ub77c\ub294\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>INSERT INTO s_dept(id, name, region_id)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(54, ‘Education’, 1);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\uba85\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\uc0ac\ud799\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id =54<\/p>\n

3 WHERE \u00a0id = 2;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd\ub41c\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ucee4\ubc0b\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>COMMIT;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ROLLBACK <\/span>\ud6c4\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubbf8\uacb0\u00a0\uc911\uc778\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc774\u00a0\ubb34\uc2dc(\ucde8\uc18c)\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\uc804\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c\u00a0\ubcf5\uad6c\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Lock\uc774\u00a0\ud480\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>DELETE FROM test;<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL>ROLLBACK;<\/p>\n

Rollback complete.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

SAVEPOINT<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0ROLLBACK<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022SAVEPOINT <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc5d0\u00a0savepoint\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0savepoint\ub85c\u00a0ROLLBACK \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>UPDATE…<\/p>\n

SQL>SAVEPOINT update_done;<\/p>\n

Savepoint created.<\/p>\n

SQL>INSERT…<\/p>\n

SQL>ROLLBACK TO update_done;<\/p>\n

Rollback complete.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc7a5<\/span>\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc758\u00a0\ub864\ubc31<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0DML\ubb38\uc774\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0\uc911\uc5d0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud328\ud558\uba74\u00a0\uc2e4\ud328\ud55c\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\ub864\ubc31\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc740\u00a0\uadf8\ub300\ub85c\u00a0\uc720\uc9c0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022COMMIT<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

11. <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1c\uc694<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022ALTER TABLE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc77c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\uc640\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc758\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ub098\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc758\u00a0enable, disable<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DROP TABLE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\ud589\uacfc\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc601\ud5a5\uc744\u00a0\uc8fc\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0RENAME, TRUNCATE, COMMENT\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DDL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\u00a0\ucee4\ubc0b\uc774\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Column <\/span>\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0default \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\ub9cc\u00a0\ud558\ub294\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\u00a0(NOT NULL \uc124\uc815)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ADD<\/span>\uc808\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0ALTER TABLE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ALTER TABLE <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

ADD (column datatype [DEFAULT <\/span>\uc2dd] [NOT NULL] [, column datatype] …);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\uc874\uc758\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc218\uc815\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\ub294\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Column <\/span>\ucd94\uac00\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022S_REGION <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0COMMENTS column\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>ALTER TABLE s_region<\/p>\n

2 ADD \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(comments VARCHAR2(255));<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Table altered.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0column\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\u00a0column\uc774\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Column <\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0datatype, \ud06c\uae30, default \uac12, NOT NULL column \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ALTER TABLE <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

MODIFY (column datatype [DEFAULT <\/span>\uc2dd] [NOT NULL] [, column datatype] …);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Guidelines<\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud06c\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\ub298\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0null \uac12\ub9cc\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uac70\ub098\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc544\ubb34\u00a0\ud589\ub3c4\u00a0\uc5c6\uc73c\uba74\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\ud3ed\uc744\u00a0\uc904\uc77c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0null \uac12\ub9cc\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba74\u00a0datatype\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0default \uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uba74\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc774\ud6c4\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\uc5d0\ub9cc\u00a0\uc601\ud5a5\uc744\u00a0\ubbf8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uce58\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0null \uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\uc744\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc\u00a0NOT NULL \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Column <\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0null \uac12\ub9cc\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba74\u00a0datatype\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022S_EMP <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0TITLE column\uc758\u00a0\ucd5c\ub300\u00a0\uae38\uc774\ub97c\u00a050 \ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ud655\uc7a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>ALTER TABLE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 MODIFY \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(title VARCHAR2(50));<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Table altered.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL>ALTER TABLE <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02 ADD \u00a0\u00a0[(CONSTRAINT <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74] type (column);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc218\uc815\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ub098\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc758\u00a0Enable\uc774\ub098\u00a0Disable<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022MODIFY<\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0NOT NULL \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ucd94\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
S_EMP <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0ID column\uc774\u00a0MANAGER_ID column\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0S_EMP \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0foreign key \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>ALTER TABLE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 ADD \u00a0\u00a0CONSTRAINT s_emp_manager_id_fk<\/p>\n

3 FOREIGN KEY (manager_id)<\/p>\n

4 REFERENCES s_emp (id);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022S_EMP <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac\uc790\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>ALTER TABLE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 DROP CONSTRAINT s_emp_manager_id_fk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022S_DEPT <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0PRIMARY KEY \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uace0\u00a0S_EMP.DEPT_ID column\uc758\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0FOREIGN KEY <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>ALTER TABLE s_dept<\/p>\n

2 DROP PRIMARY KEY CASCADE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0ENABLE<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022ENABLE <\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0disable\ub41c\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0enable\uc2dc\ud0ac\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>ALTER TABLE s_dept<\/p>\n

2 ENABLE CONSTRAINT s_dept_id_fk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022UNIQUE<\/span>\ub098\u00a0PRIMARY KEY \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0enable \uc2dc\ud0a4\uba74\u00a0UNIQUE\ub098\u00a0PRIMARY KEY \uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span>\u00a0DISABLE<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0disable \uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0ALTER TABLE \uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0DISABLE\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc885\uc18d\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0disable \uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0CASCADE \uc635\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc801\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>ALTER TABLE s_dept<\/p>\n

2 DISABLE CONSTRAINT s_dept_id_fk CASCADE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
DROP TABLE <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uba85\u00a0[CASCADE CONSTRAINT];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc740\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\u00a0\ucee4\ubc0b\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uac00\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CASCADE CONSTRAINTS <\/span>\uc635\uc158\uc740\u00a0\uc885\uc18d\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0ROLLBACK\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1d\uccb4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc774\ub984\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14, \ubdf0, Sequence, Synonym\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\ub824\uba74\u00a0RENAME \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>RENAME s_ord TO s_order;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4\uc758\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\uc790\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TRUNCATE<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022TRUNCATE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uace0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\u00a0\uacf5\uac04\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud558\ub294<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DDL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>TRUNCATE TABLE s_item;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022TRUNCATE<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc4f0\uba74\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub97c\u00a0\ub864\ubc31\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\ub294\ub370\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\uc2e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0DELETE \uba85\ub839\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022COMMENT <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\uc744\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>COMMENT ON TABLE s_emp<\/p>\n

2 IS ‘Employee Information’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc785\ub825\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\uc740\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uc758\u00a0dictionary \ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

ALL_COL_COMMENTS<\/p>\n

USER_COL_COMMENTS<\/p>\n

ALL_TAB_COMMENTS<\/p>\n

USER_TAB_COMMENTS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

12. Sequence <\/span>\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence<\/span>\ub780\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Primary Key<\/span>\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uacf5\uc720\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub300\uac1c\u00a0primary key \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc751\uc6a9\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\u00a0\ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\ub300\uccb4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\u00a0Cache\ub418\uc5c8\uc744\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0Sequence \uac12\uc758\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud6a8\uc728\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Sequence<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\ub294\u00a0\ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uace0\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0sequence\ub97c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc21c\ucc28\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0Sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CREATE SEQUENCE <\/span>NAME<\/span><\/p>\n

[INCREMENT BY n]<\/p>\n

[START WITH n]<\/p>\n

[{MAXVALUE n | NOMAXVALUE}]<\/p>\n

[{MINVALUE n | NOMINVALUE}]<\/p>\n

[{CYCLE | NOCYCLE}]<\/p>\n

[{CACHE n | NOCACHE}]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

– INCREMENT BY n<\/span>\uc740\u00a0sequence \ubc88\ud638\uac04\uc758\u00a0\uac04\uaca9\uc778\u00a0\uc815\uc218\u00a0n\uc774\uba70, \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud558\uba74\u00a0sequence\ub294\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a01<\/span>\uc529\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>START WITH n\uc740\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uccab\u00a0\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0sequence \ubc88\ud638\ub85c\u00a0\uc0dd\ub7b5\ub418\uba74\u00a0sequence\ub294\u00a01\uc529\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

– MAXVALUE n<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0sequence\uc758\u00a0\ucd5c\ub300\uac12,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0NOMAXVALUE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc635\uc158\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucd5c\ub300\uac12\uc740\u00a010<\/span>27<\/span><\/p>\n

– MINVALUE n<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0sequence\uc758\u00a0\ucd5c\uc18c\uac12,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0NOMINVALUE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ucd5c\uc18c\uac12\u00a01<\/span><\/p>\n

– CYCLE<\/span>\uc758\u00a0default\uac12\uc740\u00a0NOCYCLE\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– CACHE n | NOCACHE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\ubbf8\ub9ac\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\u00a0\uc720\uc9c0\ud560\u00a0\uac12\uc758\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0default\uac12\uc740\u00a020\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>S_DEPT \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0Primary Key \uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\u00a0S_DEPT_ID\ub77c\ub294\u00a0sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CYCLE <\/span>\uc635\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>CREATE SEQUENCE s_dept_id<\/p>\n

2 INCREMENT BY 1<\/p>\n

3 START WITH 51<\/p>\n

4 MAXVALUE 9999999<\/p>\n

5 NOCACHE<\/p>\n

6 NOCYCLE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022USER_SEQUENCE <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\u00a0dictionary \ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud574\u00a0\ubcf4\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT sequence_name, min_value, max_value, increment_by, last_number<\/p>\n

2 FROM user_sequences;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022LAST_NUMBER column<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0sequence\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NEXTVAL<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0CURRVAL pseudocolumn<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022NEXTVAL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc2dc\ud038\uc2a4\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0return\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub9e4\ubc88\u00a0\uace0\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0return\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CURRVAL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uc2dc\ud038\uc2a4\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CURRVAL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0NEXTVAL \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud6c4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uaddc\uce59<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u203b <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Subquery<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc758\u00a0Select List<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– INSERT <\/span>\ubb38\uc758\u00a0Subquery Select List<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– INSERT <\/span>\ubb38\uc758\u00a0VALUES \uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– UPDATE <\/span>\ubb38\uc758\u00a0SET \uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u203b <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc54a\ub428<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0SELECT List<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DISTINCT <\/span>\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0SELECT<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– GROUP BY, HAVING <\/span>\ub610\ub294\u00a0ORDER BY \uc808\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0SELECT \ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE TABLE <\/span>\ub610\ub294\u00a0ALTER TABLE \uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0DEFAULT \uac12<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Sequence <\/span>\uc774\uc6a9\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc9c0\uc5ed\u00a02\uc5d0\u00a0“Finance”\ub77c\ub294\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>INSERT INTO s_dept(id, name, region_id)<\/p>\n

2 VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(s_dept_id, NEXTVAL, ‘Finance’, 2);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022S_DEPT_ID sequence<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT s_dept_id.CURRVAL<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0SYS.dual;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\uc774\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Sequence <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\uc5d0\u00a0\uce90\uc26c\ud558\uba74\u00a0\uc2dc\ud038\uc2a4\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ub354\u00a0\ube68\ub9ac\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022NOCACHE<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0sequence\uac00\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0USER_SEQUENCES \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0query \ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub2e4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc74c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc99d\uac00\u00a0\uac12, \ucd5c\ub300\u00a0\uac12, \ucd5c\uc18c\u00a0\uac12, \uc21c\ud658\u00a0\uc635\uc158, \uce90\uc26c\u00a0\uc635\uc158\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CREATE SEQUENCE <\/span>NAME<\/span><\/p>\n

[INCREMENT BY n]<\/p>\n

[{MAXVALUE n | NOMAXVALUE}]<\/p>\n

[{MINVALUE n | NOMINVALUE}]<\/p>\n

[{CYCLE | NOCYCLE}]<\/p>\n

[{CACHE n | NOCACHE}]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sequence <\/span>\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0: Guidlines<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc790\uc2e0\uc758\u00a0sequence\uc774\uac70\ub098\u00a0sequence\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0ALTER \uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc838\uc57c\ub9cc\u00a0sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\uc815\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc544\uc9c1\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0sequence \uac12\ub9cc\uc774\u00a0ALTER SEQUENCE \uba85\ub839\uc5d0\u00a0\uc601\ud5a5\ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc720\ud6a8\uc131\u00a0\uac80\uc0ac\ub97c\u00a0\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022START WITH <\/span>\uc635\uc158\uc740\u00a0ALTER SEQUENCE\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub2e4\uc2dc\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0\uc774\uc804\u00a0sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uace0\u00a0\ub2e4\uc2dc\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Sequence <\/span>\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022DROP SEQUENCE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Sequence<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub418\uba74\u00a0\ub354\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

DROP SEQUENCE <\/span>\uc2dc\ud038\uc2a4\u00a0\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

13. <\/span>\ubdf0(View) \uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\ub294\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc904\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc81c\ud55c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c\u00a0query\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0\uc5bb\uc744\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c\u00a0query\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uad6c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\uae30\uc900\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\ubcc4\ub85c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022CREATE VIEW <\/span>\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0Subquery\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CREATE [OR REPLACE] [FORCE|NOFORCE] VIEW <\/span>\ubdf0\uba85\u00a0[(alias[, alias]…)]<\/span><\/p>\n

AS Subquery<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0[WITH CHECK OPTION [CONSTRAINT <\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74]]<\/span><\/p>\n

[WITH READ ONLY]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294\u00a0query\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uc778, \uadf8\ub8f9, Subquery\ub97c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uad6c\uc131\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Subquery<\/span>\ub294\u00a0ORDER BY\uc808\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\uba74\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774\u00a0SYS_Cn \ud615\ud0dc\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc7ac\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uace0\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0OR REPLACE \uc635\uc158\uc744\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u203b <\/span>\uc635\uc158<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– FORCE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0base table \uc720\u2024\ubb34\uc5d0\u00a0\uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Alias<\/span>\ub294\u00a0Subquery\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0column\uba85\uc774\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– WITH CHECK OPTION<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubdf0\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ud589\ub9cc\uc774\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ub418\uac70\ub098\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc74c\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0CHECK OPTION \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– WITH READ ONLY<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc774\u00a0\ubdf0\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0DML\uc774\u00a0\uc218\ud589\u00a0\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9<\/span>\u00a0\uc9d5<\/span><\/td>\nSimple <\/span>\ubdf0<\/span><\/td>\nComplex <\/span>\ubdf0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\ud558\ub098<\/td>\n\ud558\ub098<\/span>\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\u00a0\uc5ec\ubd80<\/span><\/td>\n\uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n\uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubdf0\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ud1b5\ud55c\u00a0DML<\/span><\/td>\n\uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n\ubd88\uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubd80\uc11c\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uac00\u00a045\uc778\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\ubc88\uacfc\u00a0\uc131, \uc9c1\uae09\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE VIEW empvu45<\/p>\n

2 AS SELECT id, last_name, title<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 45;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus DESCRIBE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Subquery<\/span>\uc758\u00a0column alias\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE VIEW salvu41<\/p>\n

2 AS SELECT id, first_name FIRST, last_name LAST, salary MONTHLY_SALARY<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 41;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Alias<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0column\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022CREATE OR REPLACE<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0EMPVU45 \ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac01\u00a0column\uba85\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW empvu45<\/p>\n

2 (id_number, employee, job)<\/p>\n

3 AS SELECT id, last_name, title<\/p>\n

4 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

5 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 45;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022CREATE VIEW<\/span>\uc808\uc758\u00a0column alias\ub294\u00a0subquery\uc758\u00a0column\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub85c\u00a0\ub098\uc5f4\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Complex <\/span>\ubdf0\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub450\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc694.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE VIEW dept_sum_vu<\/p>\n

2 (name, minsal, maxsal, avgsal)<\/p>\n

3 AS SELECT d.name, MIN(e.salary), MAX(e.salary), AVG(e.salary)<\/p>\n

4 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp e, s_dept d<\/p>\n

5 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0d.dept_id = d.id<\/p>\n

6 GROUP BY d.name;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0DML \ubb38\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uaddc\uce59<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Simple <\/span>\ubdf0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\u00a0DML \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uac00\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– GROUP BY <\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DISTINCT <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubd80\uac00\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc218\uc815\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc704\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub41c\u00a0column (SALARY * 12)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uac00\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc704\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ubdf0\ub85c\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0NOT NULL column<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WITH CHECK OPTION <\/span>\uc808\uc758\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0DML \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc774\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\ub9cc\u00a0\uc218\ud589\u00a0\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW empvu41<\/p>\n

2 AS SELECT *<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 41<\/p>\n

5 WITH CHECK OPTION CONSTRAINT empvu41_ck;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\ub824\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0CHECK OPTION \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc704\ubc18\ud558\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0error<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560\u00a0\uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

DML <\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\ubc29\uc9c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\u00a0\uc815\uc758\uc5d0\u00a0WITH READ ONLY \uc635\uc158\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0DML \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc774\u00a0\uc218\ud589\u00a0\ub420\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW empvu45 (id_number, employee, job)<\/p>\n

2 AS SELECT id, last_name, title<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_id = 45<\/p>\n

5 WITH READ ONLY;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0DML\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud558\ub824\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0Oracle7 Server error\uc778\u00a0ORA-01732\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022USER_VIEWS data dictionary<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0\uc815\uc758\uac00\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>SELECT view_name, text<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_views;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubdf0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ubdf0\ub294<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\ud1a0\ub300\ub85c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc190\uc2e4\uc5c6\uc774\u00a0\ubdf0\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DROP VIEW <\/span>\ubdf0\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

14. <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub780<\/span>\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\ub294\u00a0\ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uace0\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\uc720\uc9c0\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\uc790\ub3d9<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc815\uc758\uc5d0\u00a0PRIMARY KEY\ub098\u00a0UNIQUE \uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0unique \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uac00\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0Column\uc5d0\u00a0non_unique \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc5b8\uc81c<\/span>\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>Oracle7 Server\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uac1c\uc785\ud560\u00a0\ud544\uc694\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0B<\/span>*<\/span>Tree \uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac01\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub41c\u00a0\ud3ec\uc778\ud130(\ub610\ub294\u00a0ROWID)\uc640\u00a0column \uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc11c\ubc84\ub294\u00a0\ud3ec\uc778\ud130\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\u00a0\uc774\ub97c\u00a0\ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\ud2b8\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\ud0d0\uc0c9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u203b B<\/span>*<\/span>Tree <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Oracle7 Server<\/span>\ub294\u00a0B<\/span>*<\/span>Tree \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\u00a0\ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294\u00a0\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud69f\uc218\ub3c4\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uc774\uc9c4\uc758\u00a0\uade0\ud615\u00a0\ud0c1\uc0c9\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud589\uc774\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\uc774\ub098\u00a0\uc911\uac04, \ub610\ub294\u00a0\ub05d\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\ub3c4\u00a0\uac70\uc758\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\ud69f\uc218\u00a0\ub0b4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294\u00a0\ud2b8\ub9ac\uc5d0\u00a0\uc815\ub82c\ub41c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\uc7a5\uc18c\u00a0(\ud398\uc774\uc9c0)\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\ud0a4\u00a0\uac12\uc774\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc790\uccb4\uc758\u00a0\uc704\uce58\ub97c\u00a0\uac00\ub9ac\ud0ac\u00a0\ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\uc758\u00a0\uc544\ub798\u00a0\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud5a5\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud3ec\uc778\ud130\uc640\u00a0\uc77c\ub828\uc758\u00a0\ud0a4\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Unique <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\uace0\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Non-unique <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Query<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc18d\ub3c4\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub2e8\uc9c0\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0column\ub9cc\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5f0\uacb0\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc870\ud569\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud558\ub098\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ud558\ub098\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE INDEX <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

ON <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14(Column[, Column]…);<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022S_EMP <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0LAST_NAME column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0query \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>CREATE INDEX s_emp_last_idx<\/p>\n

2 ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp(last_name);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0: Guidelines<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022WHERE <\/span>\uc808\uc774\ub098\u00a0\uc870\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0column\uc744\u00a0\uc790\uc8fc\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\ub113\uc740\u00a0\ubc94\uc704\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c8\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub9ce\uc740\u00a0NULL \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0column\uc77c\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0data\uac00\u00a0\ub9ce\uace0\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0query\ub418\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc804\uccb4\uc758\u00a010\u223c15%\uc815\ub3c4\u00a0\uc77c\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub2e4\uace0\u00a0\ud574\uc11c\u00a0\ud56d\uc0c1\u00a0query \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00\u00a0\ube68\ub77c\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc740\u00a0\uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c<\/span>\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc544\uc57c\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\u00a0\uc791\uc744\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc774\u00a0query\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uac00\u00a0\ubcc4\ub85c\u00a0\uc5c6\uc744\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758\u00a0query\uac00\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a010\u223c50% \uc774\uc0c1\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0\u00a0\uc608\uc0c1\ub420\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\u00a0\uc790\uc8fc\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ub420\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022USER_INDEXS dictionary <\/span>\ubdf0\ub294\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uacfc\u00a0unique \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022USER_IND_COLUMNS <\/span>\ubdf0\ub294\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\u00a0\uba85, \ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uba85\uacfc\u00a0column \uba85\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>SELECT ic.index_name, ic.column_name, ic.column_position,<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ix.uniquenss<\/p>\n

3 FROM \u00a0\u00a0user_indexes ix, user_ind_columns ic<\/p>\n

4 WHERE \u00a0ic.index_name = ix.index_name<\/p>\n

5 AND \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ic.table_name = ‘S_EMP’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc778\ub371\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>DROP INDEX s_emp_last_name_idx;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\uc790\uc774\uac70\ub098\u00a0DROP ANY INDEX \uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

15. Privileges (DCL)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uad8c\ud55c<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ubcf4\uc548<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\ubcf4\uc548<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\ubcf4\uc548<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c(System Privilege)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud68d\ub4dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c(Object Privilege)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\ud68d\ub4dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14, \ubdf0, Sequence\uc640\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uc9d1\ud569<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u202280<\/span>\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DBA<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc0c1\uc704\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0(CREATE USER)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0(DROP USER)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0(DROP ANY TABLE)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ubc31\uc5c5\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DBA<\/span>\ub294\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc778\u00a0CREATE USER\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

SQL>CREATE USER scott<\/p>\n

2 IDENTIFIED BY tiger;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uba74\u00a0DBA\ub294\u00a0GRANT \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub300\uac1c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE SESSION : <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc811\uc18d\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE TABLE : <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE SEQUENCE : <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0Sequence\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE VIEW : <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0View\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CREATE PROCEDURE : <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0Stored Procedure \ub610\ub294\u00a0\ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
DBA<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GRANT <\/span>\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0[, \uad8c\ud55c…] TO \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0[, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790…];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uad8c\ud55c\uc740<\/span>\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Role<\/span>\uc774\ub780?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
Role<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE ROLE Role;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Role<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ub294\u00a0role\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc554\ud638<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294<\/span>\u00a0ALTER USER \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc790\uc2e0\uc758\u00a0\uc554\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ALTER USER <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0IDENTIFIED BY \uc554\ud638;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc774\uace0, \uc554\ud638\ub294\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uc554\ud638\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1d\uccb4<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uac1d\uccb4\uad8c\ud55c<\/td>\n\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/td>\n\ubdf0<\/td>\nSequence<\/td>\nProcedure<\/td>\nSnapshot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ALTER<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DELETE<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EXECUTE<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INDEX<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INSERT<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
REFERENCES<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SELECT<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
UPDATE<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n\u22a6<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1d\uccb4<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022DBA<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc740\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uc720\ud615\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ub9e4\uc6b0\u00a0\ub2e4\uc591\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc18c\uc720\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc18c\uc720\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uc904\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

GRANT [<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4\uad8c\ud55c(, \uac1d\uccb4\uad8c\ud55c…) | ALL][(Column)]<\/span><\/p>\n

ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4<\/span><\/p>\n

TO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790[, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790…] | Role | PUBLIC]<\/span><\/p>\n

[WITH GRANT OPTION];<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uac1d\uccb4\uad8c\ud55c\uc740<\/span>\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\uace0, ALL\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c, Column\uc740\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub41c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0column, ON \uac1d\uccb4\ub294\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub41c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4, TO\ub294\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\u00a0\ubc1b\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790, PUBLIC\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1d\uccb4<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022S_EMP <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0query \ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0Sue\uc640\u00a0Rich\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0Select \uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>GRANT select<\/p>\n

2 ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

3 TO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0sue, rich;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0UPDATE \uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640\u00a0Role\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>GRANT update (name, region_id)<\/p>\n

2 ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept<\/p>\n

3 TO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0scott, manager;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WITH GRANT OPTION <\/span>\uacfc\u00a0PUBLIC \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uad8c\ud55c\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\ubc1b\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>GRANT select, insert<\/p>\n

2 ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept<\/p>\n

3 TO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0scott<\/p>\n

4 WITH GRANT OPTION<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\uc744\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>GRANT select<\/p>\n

2 ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

3 TO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PUBLIC;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ubd80\uc5ec\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ud655\uc778<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Dictionary <\/span>\ubdf0<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROLE_SYS_PRIVS<\/td>\nRole<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ub41c\u00a0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROLE_TAB_PRIVS<\/td>\nRole<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ub41c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
USER_ROLE_PRIVS<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00<\/span>\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0role<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
USER_TAB_PRIVS_MADE<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ud55c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
USER_TAB_PRIVS_RECD<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ub41c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
USER_COL_PRIVS_RECD<\/td>\n\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0column\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\ub41c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ud68c\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022REVOKE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WITH GRANT OPTION<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub41c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\ub3c4\u00a0\ud68c\uc218\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

REVOKE [<\/span>\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0(, \uad8c\ud55c…):ALL]<\/span><\/p>\n

ON \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4<\/span><\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0[<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790[, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790…]:role | PUBLIC]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Synonym <\/span>\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
Synonym<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc27d\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc18c\uc720\ud55c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae34\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc9e7\uac8c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

CREATE [PUBLIC] SYNONYM <\/span>\ub3d9\uc758\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac1d\uccb4;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

PUBLIC<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0Synonym\uc744\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uac8c\ud558\uace0, \ub3d9\uc758\uc5b4\ub294\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ub294\u00a0Synonym\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984, \uac1d\uccb4\ub294\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ub41c\u00a0\ub3d9\uc758\uc5b4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

16. SQL<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uc694\uc57d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\uc6a9\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uac1c<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\ub150<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc740<\/span>\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0column\uacfc\u00a0\ud589\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub41c\u00a0RDBMS\uc758\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud589<\/td>\n\ud589\uc740<\/span>\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0column \uac12\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Column<\/td>\nColumn<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud544\ub4dc<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud589\uacfc<\/span>\u00a0column\uc774\u00a0\uad50\ucc28\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uacf3\uc774\u00a0\ud544\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud544\ub4dc\ub294\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uac00\uc9c8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba70\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0null \uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub2e4\uace0\u00a0\ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Primary Key<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Primary Key<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uace0\uc720\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\uc2dd\ubcc4\ud558\ub294\u00a0column\uc774\ub098\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Foreign Key<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Foreign Key<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0Primary Key\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub294\u00a0column\uc774\ub098\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uc870\ud569\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus, SQL, PL\/SQL<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc5b8\uc5b4\ub098<\/span>\u00a0Tool<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL<\/td>\nTool<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0\uc751\uc6a9\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uc640\u00a0\ud1b5\uc2e0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uc790\uccb4<\/span>\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba70\u00a0SQL\uacfc\u00a0PL\/SQL \ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294\u00a0Oracle Tool<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PL\/SQL<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc751\uc6a9\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758\u00a0\ub17c\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0Oracle\uc758\u00a0\uc808\ucc28\uc801\u00a0\uc5b8\uc5b4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SELECT<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uba70\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\ub110\ub9ac\u00a0\uc4f0\uc774\ub294\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INSERT<\/p>\n

DELETE<\/td>\n

UPDATE<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uac01\uac01\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc785\ub825, \ubcc0\uacbd, \ud544\uc694\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791\uc5b4(DML)\ub77c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE<\/p>\n

DROP<\/p>\n

TRUNCATE<\/td>\n

ALTER<\/p>\n

RENAME<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span>\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131, \ubcc0\uacbd, \uc0ad\uc81c\ub97c\u00a0\ud558\uba70, \ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc815\uc758\uc5b4(DDL)\ub77c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

COMMIT<\/p>\n

SAVEPOINT<\/td>\n

ROLLBACK<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

DML <\/span>\ubb38\uc774\u00a0\ud589\ud55c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\uad00\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\uc0ac\ud56d\uc740\u00a0\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uadf8\ub8f9\ud551\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GRANT<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

REVOKE<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Oracle <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc640\u00a0\uadf8\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c\u00a0\ubd80\uc5ec\uc640\u00a0\ud68c\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ud558\uba70, \ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\uc5b4(DCL)\ub77c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Oracle Data Dictionary<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub294\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Oracle7 Server<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc774\ub984<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\u00a0\ud5c8\uac00\ub41c\u00a0\uad8c\ud55c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\u00a0\uc774\ub984<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Auditing <\/span>\uc815\ubcf4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc790\uc8fc\u00a0\uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ub418\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

– DICTIONARY<\/p>\n

– USER_OBJECTS<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– OBJ(USER_OBJECTS<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0Synonym)<\/span><\/p>\n

– USER_CONSTRAINTS<\/p>\n

– USER_SEQUENCES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud658\uacbd\u00a0\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

– SET, SHOW, CLEAR<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\u00a0\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

– COLUMN, BTITLE, TTITLE, BREAK, COMPUTE<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\uc870\uc791<\/span><\/p>\n

– EDIT, GET, SAVE, SPOOL, START<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0c1\ud638\u00a0\uc791\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

– ACCEPT, PROMPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

17. SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ud658\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uba85\ub839\uc5b4\u00a0\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\uc640\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc870\uc791\ud558\ub294\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc815\ud615\ud654\ub41c\u00a0query \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0, \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\ud3b8\uc9d1\ud558\uace0, \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc808\ucc28\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\uacfc\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SQL <\/span>\ubc84\ud37c\ub0b4\uc5d0\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc740\u00a0\uc5f0\uc18d\ub418\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucde8\uae09<\/span><\/p>\n

– SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\ub294\u00a0\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\uc778\u00a0DECLARE\ub098\u00a0BEGIN\uc744\u00a0\ud30c\uc77c\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uac04\uc8fc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub9c8\uce68\ud45c\uac00\u00a0\ub098\uc624\uba74\u00a0\ubc84\ud37c\ub97c\u00a0\ub2eb\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

– SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uce58\ud658(Substitution)\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022ACCEPT<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9(\uac12)\uc744\u00a0\uc77d\uc5b4\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022VARIABLE<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ucf5c\ub860(:)\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0PL\/SQL\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PRINT<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc(\ucd9c\ub825)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022EXECUTE<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0PL\/SQL \ubb38(Procedure, Function)\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uce58\ud658<\/span>\u00a0\uac12(substitution) : Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uac12\uc740\u00a0\uce58\ud658\ub41c\u00a0\uac12\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uce58\ud658\u00a0\uac12\uc740\u00a0ACCEPT \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc570\ud37c\uc0cc\ub4dc(&)\ub294\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc548\uc758\u00a0\uce58\ud658\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\uc501\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0\u00a0ACCEPT <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0PROMPT \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Global <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Global <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc758\u00a0VARIABLE \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\u00a0Global \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0Global \ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\ucf5c\ub860(:)\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc758\u00a0PRINT \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

VARIABLE <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

[NUMBER|CHAR|CHAR(n)|VARCHAR2(n)]<\/p>\n

PRINT <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc785\ucd9c\ub825<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc6d4\uae09\uc744<\/span>\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\ub41c\u00a0\uc5f0\ubd09\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACCEPT p_sal PROMPT ‘Enter the salary: ‘<\/p>\n

VARIABLE g_year_sal NUMBER<\/p>\n

DECLARE<\/p>\n

v_sal NUMBER := &p_sal;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

:g_year_sal := v_sal*12;<\/p>\n

END;<\/p>\n

\/<\/p>\n

PRINT g_year_sal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub514\ubc84\uae45<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucef4\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\uc624\ub958\ub97c\u00a0\uc810\uac80\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Anonymous <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc624\ub958\ub294\u00a0\ud654\uba74\uc5d0\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>Stored subprogram\uc758\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0USER_ERRORS data dictionary \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0SQL> SHOW ERRORS<\/p>\n

SQL> SELECT \u00a0\u00a0*<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_errors;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022Exception <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. (Trap or Propagate)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

GLOBAL <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc2dc\uc758\u00a0\ub514\ubc84\uae45\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u2026<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

IF MOD (v_num,2) = 0 THEN<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0:g_debug := ‘<\/span>\uc9dd\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.’;<\/span><\/p>\n

ELSE<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0:g_debug := ‘<\/span>\ud640\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.’;<\/span><\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

\/<\/p>\n

SQL>START test<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc22b\uc790\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\uc2dc\uc624\u00a0: 10<\/span><\/p>\n

PL\/SQL procedure successfully completed<\/p>\n

SQL>PRINT g_debug<\/p>\n

G_DEBUG<\/p>\n

-\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc9dd\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Stored Procedure <\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
EXECUTE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0Stored Procedure\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0EXECUTE <\/span>\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800\uba85\u00a0[(argument_list)]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Stored Function <\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c\u00a0\uc2dd\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud568\uc218\uc758\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\uac12\uc744\u00a0global \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0assign\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0EXECUTE <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0:= \ud568\uc218\uba85\u00a0[(argument_list)]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Stored Procedure <\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
SQL>CREATE TABLE b_test (coll NUMBER);<\/p>\n

SQL>CREATE PROCEDURE testproc IS<\/p>\n

2 BEGIN<\/p>\n

3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FOR i IN 1..3 LOOP<\/p>\n

4 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0INSERT INTO b_test VALUES(i);<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0END LOOP;<\/p>\n

6 \u00a0END;<\/p>\n

7 \u00a0\/<\/p>\n

SQL>EXECUTE testproc;<\/p>\n

PL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.<\/p>\n

SQL>SELECT *<\/p>\n

2 FROM \u00a0\u00a0b_test;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Stored Function <\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
SQL>CREATE FUNCTION testfunc<\/p>\n

2 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(v_num NUMBER)<\/p>\n

3 RETURN NUMBER IS<\/p>\n

4 BEGIN<\/p>\n

5 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RETURN (v_num\/2);<\/p>\n

6 END;<\/p>\n

7 \/<\/p>\n

SQL>VARIABLE g_num NUMBER<\/p>\n

SQL>EXECUTE :g_num := testfunc(12);<\/p>\n

PL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.<\/p>\n

SQL>print g_num<\/p>\n

G_NUM<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n

6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

18. <\/span>\uc11c\ube0c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4c8\ud654\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\ub2e8\uc704\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774\ub780\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Object<\/span>\uba85\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d(Named PL\/SQL Block)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u20223<\/span>\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc885\ub958\uc758\u00a0PL\/SQL \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\u00a0\ub2e8\uc704\uac00\u00a0\uc788\uc74c.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub3d9\uc791\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc5f0\uad00\ub41c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc838\uc640\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub85c\u00a0\uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4\u00a0\ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc751\uc6a9\u00a0\uc11c\ube0c\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc5b4\uc84c\uac70\ub098\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\uc74c.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc11c\ube0c<\/span>\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\u00a0\uc694\uc18c<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
HEADER – Mandatory<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc11c\ube0c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uba85, \uc720\ud615, argument<\/span><\/p>\n

DECLARATIVE – Optional<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

EXECUTABLE – Mandatory<\/p>\n

– SQL <\/span>\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL <\/span>\uc81c\uc5b4\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

EXCEPTION- Optional<\/p>\n

– Error <\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\ub3d9\uc791<\/span><\/p>\n

END; – Mandatory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc11c\ube0c<\/span>\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud658\uacbd<\/span>\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2193<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc11c\ube0c<\/span>\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/td>\n\u2190<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2193<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0Debug<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ucf54\ub4dc<\/span>\u00a0\ucef4\ud30c\uc77c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2193<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc2e4<\/span>\u00a0\ud589<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0– Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE <\/span>\uc774\ub984<\/span><\/p>\n

[(Parameter,…)]<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

pl\/sql_block;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Parameter Syntax :<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Parameter <\/span>\uba85[IN | OUT | IN OUT] data type<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0[{ := |DEFAULT}<\/span>\uc2dd]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

datatype<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0– Guidelines<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc838\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0CREATE OR REPLACE\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c\u00a0Parameter \ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022IS<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Local <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\uc740\u00a0IS\uc640\u00a0BEGIN\uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Procedural Parameter Modes<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIN argument<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc2e4\ud589<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nOUT argument<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud658\uacbd<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIN OUT argument<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n(DECLARTE)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nEXCEPTION<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nEND;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE change_salary<\/p>\n

(v_emp_id IN NUMBER,<\/p>\n

v_new_salary IN NUMBER)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

UPDATE s_emp<\/p>\n

SET salary = v_new_salary<\/p>\n

WHERE id = v_emp_id;<\/p>\n

COMMIT;<\/p>\n

END change_salary;<\/p>\n

\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800\uc640<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\ud568\uc218<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0IN <\/span>\uc778\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0IN <\/span>\uc778\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc2e4\ud589<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc2e4\ud589<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0OUT <\/span>\uc778\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud658\uacbd<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\ud658\uacbd<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0IN OUT <\/span>\uc778\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n((DECLARE)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n(DECLARE)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/td>\n<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nEXCEPTION<\/td>\n<\/td>\nEXCEPTION<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nEND;<\/td>\n<\/td>\nEND;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud568\uc218\uc640<\/span>\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800\u00a0\ube44\uad50<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/td>\n\ud568<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PL\/SQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/td>\n\uc2dd\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc77c\ubd80\ub85c\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RETURN datatype<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\nRETURE datatype<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0Return\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n\uac12\uc744<\/span>\u00a0Return\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud568\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0return\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0PL\/SQL \ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0datatype\uc774\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0RETURN \uc808\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\u00a0\uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0RETURN \ubb38\uc744\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud568\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION <\/span>\uc774\ub984<\/span><\/p>\n

[(argument…)]<\/p>\n

RETURN datatype<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

pl\/sql_block;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0\uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0RETURN \ubb38\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Function<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc740\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\u00a0Oracle \uba85\uba85\ubc95\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub978\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uba85\uc774\uace0, argument “\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800” \uc808\uc5d0<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc18c\uac1c\ud55c\u00a0argument syntax\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uace0\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624. Datatype\uc740\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uac12\uc758\u00a0datatype\uc774\uba70, pl\/sql_block\uc740\u00a0\ud568\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud55c\u00a0\ubab8\uccb4\ubd80\ubd84\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud568\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc785\ub825\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\uadfc\uac70\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0tax\ub97c\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tax<\/p>\n

(v_value IN NUMBER)<\/p>\n

RETURN NUMBER<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

RETURN(v_value*.07);<\/p>\n

END tax;<\/p>\n

\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \uba85\ub839\u00a0\ud504\ub86c\ud504\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0argument \uac12\uacfc\u00a0\ud568\uaed8\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc785\ub825\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>EXECUTE change_salary(17,1000);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

SQL*Plus<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\uadfc\uac70\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0tax\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL>VARIBLE x NUMBER<\/p>\n

SQL>EXECUTE :x: + tax(100);<\/p>\n

SQL>PRINT x<\/p>\n

x<\/p>\n

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –<\/p>\n

7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

– SQL <\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uc27d\uac8c\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5<\/span><\/p>\n

– Query <\/span>\ud6a8\uc728\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Guidelines<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ud568\uc218\ub9cc\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ud568\uc218(Single Row Function)<\/span><\/p>\n

– DMA <\/span>\ubb38\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ubd88\uac00<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0argument\ub294\u00a0IN\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0datatype\uc774\u00a0\uc544\ub2cc\u00a0Orecle7 Server\uc758\u00a0\ub0b4\ubd80\u00a0datatype\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/p>\n

– EXECUTE <\/span>\uad8c\ud55c\uc774\u00a0\ud544\uc694<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\ud568\uc218<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0SQL \uc808\uc740\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0select_list<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WHERE<\/span>\uc640\u00a0HAVING \uc808\uc758\u00a0\uc870\uac74<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022CONNECT BY, START WITH, ORDER BY, GROUP BY <\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022INSERT <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0VALUES \uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022UPDATAE <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0SET \uc808<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

19. <\/span>\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
DECLARE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Optional<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218, \uc0c1\uc218, \ucee4\uc11c, user-defind exception<\/span><\/p>\n

BEGIN \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– mandatory<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– SQL <\/span>\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– PL\/SQL <\/span>\uc81c\uc5b4\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

EXCEPTION \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Optional<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc624\ub958\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5<\/span><\/p>\n

END; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– mandatory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\uacfc\u00a0\ucd08\uae30\ud654<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022parameter<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucd9c\ub825\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubcc0\uc218\uc640<\/span>\u00a0\uc0c1\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0: syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Identifier [CONSTANT] datatype [NOT NULL]<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[ := | DEFAULT <\/span>\uc218\uc2dd];<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Guidelines<\/p>\n

\u2022Naming Rule<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ub530\ub974\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL object <\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\u00a0\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0Identifier\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\uc815\ud558\uace0,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc608\ub97c\ub4e4\uc5b4, \ubcc0\uc218\ub294\u00a0v_name, \uc0c1\uc218\ub294\u00a0c_name\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\ub294\u00a0\uc2dd\uc758\u00a0naming convention\uc744\u00a0\ub530\ub974\uba70,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022NOT NULL <\/span>\uc870\uac74\uc744\u00a0\uac16\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub77c\uba74\u00a0\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc\u00a0\ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud560\u00a0\ud544\uc694\ub294\u00a0\uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790(:=) \ub610\ub294\u00a0DEFAULT\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba70\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub294\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0NULL\ub85c\u00a0\ucd08\uae30\ud654\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub9cc\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc2a4\uce7c\ub77c<\/span>(Scalar)\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub0b4\ubd80\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\uace0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uac12\ub9cc\u00a0\uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– BINARY_INTEGER : -2147483647<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a02147483647 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758\u00a0\uc815\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– NUMBER[(P, S)] : <\/span>\uace0\uc815\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0\ubd80\ub3d9\u00a0\uc18c\uc22b\uc810\u00a0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– CHAR[(<\/span>\ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774)] : 32767\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758\u00a0\uace0\uc815\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc720\ud615\uc73c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0\ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774\ub97c\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\uba74\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uae38\uc774\ub294\u00a01\ub85c\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– LONG : 32760<\/span>\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758\u00a0\uac00\ubcc0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0<\/span><\/p>\n

– LONG RAW<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– VARCHAR2(<\/span>\ucd5c\ub300\uae38\uc774) : 32767\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758\u00a0\uac00\ubcc0\uae38\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– DATE : <\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640\u00a0\uc2dc\uac01\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– BOOLEAN : <\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\u00a0\uc138\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uac12(TRUE, FALSE, NULL) \uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\ub97c\u00a0\uc800<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc7a5\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc2a4\uce7c\ub77c<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
v_gender \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CHAR(1);<\/p>\n

v_count \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0BINARY_INTEGER := 0;<\/p>\n

v_total_sal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(9,2) := 0;<\/p>\n

v_order_date DATE := SYSDATE + 7;<\/p>\n

v_tax_rate \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONSTANT NUMBER(3,2) := 8.25;<\/p>\n

v_valid \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0BOOLEAN NOT NULL := TRUE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

%TYPE <\/span>\uc18d\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud574\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc774\ubbf8\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ub41c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0column definition<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc544\ub798\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\u00a0\ub4a4\uc5d0\u00a0%TYPE\uc744\u00a0\ubd99\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\u00a0column<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc774\ubbf8\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud55c\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uba85<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0datatype\uacfc\u00a0\ud06c\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uacb0\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

%TYPE : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0DECLARE<\/p>\n

v_last_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp.last_name%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_fist_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp.first_name%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_balance \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(7,2);<\/p>\n

v_minimum_balance \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0v_balance%TYPE := 10;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

%TYPE <\/span>\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc5bb\uc744\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\uc220\ud55c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0column definition\uc744\u00a0\uc815\ud655\ud788\u00a0\uc54c\uc9c0\u00a0\ubabb\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4\u00a0\uc4f8\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uae30\uc220\ud55c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0column definition\uc774\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uc5b4\ub3c4\u00a0\ub2e4\uc2dc\u00a0PL\/SQL\uc744\u00a0\uace0\uce60\u00a0\ud544\uc694\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Composite Datatype<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubcf5\ud569(Composite)Datatype<\/span><\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL TABLES<\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL RECORDS<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub0b4\ubd80\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\u00a0\ud3ec\ud568(internal component)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL TABLES<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ub450\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc694\uc18c\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Datatype<\/span>\uc774\u00a0BINARY_INTEGER\uc778\u00a0primary key<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc2a4\uce7c\ub77c\u00a0datatype\uc758\u00a0column<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc81c\ud55c\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c\u00a0\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud06c\uae30\u00a0\uc99d\uac00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL TABLE <\/span>\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Primary Key<\/td>\nColumn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2026<\/td>\n\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nJones<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nSmith<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nMaduro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2026<\/td>\n\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BINARY_INTEGER<\/td>\n\uc2a4\uce7c\ub77c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL TABLE<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022TABLE datatype<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0datatype\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DECLARE<\/p>\n

TYPE <\/span>\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984\u00a0IS TABLE OF scalar datatype<\/span><\/p>\n

[NOT NULL] INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;<\/p>\n

Identifier <\/span>\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984\uc740<\/span>\u00a0TABLE \uc720\ud615\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc774\uace0, Scalar Datatype\uc740\u00a0PL\/SQL TABLE \uc694\uc18c\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

datatype<\/span>\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0%TYPE \uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0DECLARE<\/p>\n

TYPE name_table_type IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(25)<\/p>\n

INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;<\/p>\n

first_name_table \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0name_table_type;<\/p>\n

last_name_table \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0name_table_type;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL RECORDS<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc2a4\uce7c\ub77c, RECORD, \ub610\ub294\u00a0PL\/SQL TABLE datatype\uc911\u00a0\ud558\ub098\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\uc694\uc18c\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u20223GL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\uc640\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\uac00\u00a0\uc720\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uacfc\u00a0\ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\u00a0\ub2e8\uc704\ub85c\uc11c\u00a0\ud544\ub4dc\u00a0\uc9d1\ud569\uc744\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud574\u00a0\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc77d\uc5b4\uc62c\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\ud3b8\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL RECORDS<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\ud544\ub4dc<\/span>1(datatype)<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span>\ud544\ub4dc2(datatype)<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/span>\ud544\ub4dc3(datatype)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

PL\/SQL RECORD <\/span>\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0Syntax<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DECLARE<\/p>\n

TYPE <\/span>\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984\u00a0IS RECORD<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>\ud544\ub4dc\uc774\ub9841 \ud544\ub4dc\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

[NOT NULL { := |DEFAULT} <\/span>\uc2dd],<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>\ud544\ub4dc\uc774\ub9842 \ud544\ub4dc\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

[NOT NULL { := |DEFAULT} <\/span>\uc2dd], …);<\/span><\/p>\n

Identifier \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc720\ud615\uc774\ub984\uc740<\/span>\u00a0RECORD \uc720\ud615\uc758\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc774\uace0, \ud544\ub4dc\uc720\ud615\uc740\u00a0\ud544\ub4dc\uc758\u00a0datatype\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0%TYPE\uacfc\u00a0%ROWTYPE \uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dd\uc740\u00a0\ubb38\uc790, \ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\uc640\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub85c\u00a0\ub41c\u00a0\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0DECLARE<\/p>\n

TYPE emp_record_type IS RECORD<\/p>\n

(last_name VARCHAR2(25),<\/p>\n

first_name VARCHAR2(25),<\/p>\n

gender \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0char(1));<\/p>\n

employee_record \u00a0emp_record_type;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

%ROWTYPE <\/span>\uc18d\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\ub828\uc758\u00a0column\ub4e4\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uba85\u00a0\uc811\ub450\uc5b4\ub85c\u00a0\ud45c\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022RECORD<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ud544\ub4dc\ub294\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc774\ub098\u00a0\ubdf0\uc758\u00a0column\uba85\uacfc\u00a0datatype\ub97c\u00a0\ucde8\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

%ROWTYPE <\/span>\uc18d\uc131\uc758\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc911\uc694\ud55c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0column\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218\uc640\u00a0datatype\uc744\u00a0\ubaa8\ub974\uac8c\u00a0\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>SELECT\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0Explicit \ucee4\uc11c\ub85c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\u00a0\uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0DECLARE<\/p>\n

dept_record \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept%ROWTYPE;<\/p>\n

emp_record \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_emp%ROWTYPE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5\uc740\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\uac78\uccd0\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ud718\ub2e8\uc704\ub294\u00a0\uacf5\ubc31\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubd84\ub9ac\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Identifiers(<\/span>\ubcc0\uc218)<\/span><\/p>\n

– 30<\/span>\uc790\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc\u00a0\uc601\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0column\uba85\uacfc\u00a0\uac19\uc740\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc740\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubb38\uc790\uc640\u00a0\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ub9ac\ud130\ub7f4\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0\ub530\uc634\ud45c(”)\ub85c\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc22b\uc790\ub294\u00a0\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uc218\uce58\ub098\u00a0\uacfc\ud559\uc801\u00a0\ud45c\uae30\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud45c\ud604\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc8fc\uc11d\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\uac78\uccd0\u00a0\uc4f0\ub824\uba74\u00a0\/* \uacfc\u00a0*\/ \uae30\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f0\uace0<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f0\ub294\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\uc740\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\u00a0\ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0–\uc744\u00a0\ud45c\uc2dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0b4\uc7a5\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\ube14\ub85d(Nested Block)\uacfc\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uacf3\uc774\uba74\u00a0\uc5b4\ub514\ub4e0\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\ub0b4\uc7a5\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Nested Block<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\u00a0\ucc98\ub7fc\u00a0\ucde8\uae09\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Exeption section<\/span>\uc5d0\ub3c4\u00a0nested block\uc744\u00a0\uc4f8\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Object<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud1b5\uc6a9\u00a0\ubc94\uc704\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0Object\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed\uc548\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0Identifiers\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\uba74\u00a0\uc0c1\uc704\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ucc3e\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc790\uc2e0\uc744\u00a0\ub0b4\ud3ec\ud55c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\u00a0\uc62c\ub77c\u00a0\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc790\uc2e0\uc774\u00a0\ub0b4\ud3ec\ud55c\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucc3e\uc544\u00a0\ub0b4\ub824\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub0b4\uc7a5\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uacfc\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
DECLARE<\/p>\n

x INTEGER; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0x<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed<\/span><\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

DECLARE<\/p>\n

y NUMBER; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0y<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed<\/span><\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END;<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\u00a0\ud560\ub2f9\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Identifiers := <\/span>\uc2dd;<\/span><\/p>\n

plsql_table_name(primary_key_value) := <\/span>\uc2dd;<\/span><\/p>\n

plsql_record_name.field_name := <\/span>\uc2dd;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

plsql_table_name<\/span>\uc740\u00a0PL\/SQL TABLE \uc774\ub984, primary_key_value\uc740\u00a0PL\/SQL TABLE\uc758\u00a0index,<\/span><\/p>\n

plsql_record_name<\/span>\uc740\u00a0PL\/SQL RECORD \uc774\ub984, field_name\uc740\u00a0PL\/SQL RECORD\uc758\u00a0\ud544\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud560\ub2f9(Assign)\uc815\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucd5c\ub300\u00a0\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uae09\uc5ec\ub85c\u00a0\ud560\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
v_max_sal \u00a0: = v_sal;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022PL\/SQL TABLE<\/span>\uc758\u00a03\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0Identifiers\uc5d0\u00a0“Maduro”\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
last_name_table (3) : = ‘Maduro’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022PL\/SQL RECORD<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
emp_record.last_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0: = ‘Maduro’;<\/p>\n

emp_record.first_name \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0: = ‘Elena’;<\/p>\n

emp_record.gender \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0: = ‘F’;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ud560\ub2f9(Assign)\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nDECLARE<\/p>\n

v_weight \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(3) := 600;<\/p>\n

m_message \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(255) := ‘Product 10012’;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc11c\ube0c<\/span>\u00a0\ube14\ub85d<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0DECLARE<\/p>\n

v_weight \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(3) := 1;<\/p>\n

v_message \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(255) := ‘Product 10011’;<\/p>\n

v_new_locn \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VARCHAR2(50) := ‘Europe’;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

v_weight := v_weight + 1;<\/p>\n

v_new_locn : = ‘Western’ || v_new_locn;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\nv_weight := v_weight + 1;<\/p>\n

v_message := v_message || ‘is in stock’;<\/p>\n

v_new_locn := ‘Western’ || v_new_locn;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub17c\ub9ac\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0b0\uc220\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SQL\uacfc\u00a0\ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5f0\uacb0\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790(concatenation)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc9c0\uc218\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790(**)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uad04\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub420\u00a0\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc21c\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc870\uc815\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0v_count \u00a0:= v_count + 1;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022Boolean <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_equal \u00a0:= (v_n1 = v_n2);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\uc0ac\ubc88\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uac80\uc99d\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_valid \u00a0:= (v_emp_id IS NOT NULL);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SQL\uacfc\u00a0\ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Datatype <\/span>\ubcc0\ud658\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ub0a0\uc9dc\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

– GREATEST<\/p>\n

– LEAST<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uadf8\ub8f9\u00a0\ud568\uc218(SQL statement \uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc6b0\ud3b8\ubc1c\uc1a1\u00a0\uc8fc\uc18c\ub97c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4dc\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_mailing_address := v_name || CHR(10) ||<\/p>\n

v_addess || CHR(10) || v_country || CHR(10) || v_zip_code;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ubc14\uafb8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_last_name := UPPER(v_last_name);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Datatype <\/span>\ubcc0\ud658<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ub97c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0datatype\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubcc0\ud658<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0datatype\uc744\u00a0\uac19\uc774\u00a0\uc4f0\uac8c\u00a0\ub418\uba74\u00a0\uc624\ub958\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc131\ub2a5\uc774\u00a0\uc800\ud558\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\ud658\u00a0\ud568\uc218:<\/span><\/p>\n

– TO_CHAR<\/p>\n

_ TO_DATE<\/p>\n

_ TO_NUMBER<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130\uc720\ud615<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\ud658\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc774\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc740\u00a0\ucef4\ud30c\uc77c\u00a0\uc624\ub958\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_comment \u00a0\u00a0:= USER || ‘ : ‘ || SYSDATE;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc624\ub958\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc815\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0TO_CHAR \ubcc0\ud658\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0v_comment \u00a0\u00a0:= USER || ‘ : ‘ || TO_CHAR(SYSDATE);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NON-PL\/SQL <\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\ucc38\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc778\u00a0NON-PL\/SQL \ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\ucc38\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucf5c\ub860(:)\uc744\u00a0\uc811\ub450\uc5b4\ub85c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus Global\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0\u00a0\uc5f0\ubd09\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0:g_annual_salary \u00a0:= v_salary*12;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d<\/span>(Guidelines)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc720\uc9c0\ubcf4\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc27d\uac8c\u00a0\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\uc744\u00a0\ub2ec\uc544\u00a0\ubb38\uc11c\ud654\u00a0\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790\u00a0\ud45c\uae30\ubc95\uc744\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc791\uc131\u00a0\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud45c\uae30\ubc95\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0Identifiers\uc640\u00a0\uac1d\uccb4\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc77d\uae30\u00a0\uc27d\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc4f0\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\u00a0\ub2ec\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub450\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0dash( – – )\ub97c\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\u00a0\uc55e\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f0\uac70\ub098,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022\/* <\/span>\uacfc\u00a0*\/\uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\uc8fc\uc11d\uc744\u00a0\ub2ec\uba74\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

DECLARE<\/p>\n

v_sal NUMBER(9,2);<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

\/* <\/span>\uc785\ub825\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc6d4\uae09\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc5f0\ubd09\uc744\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. *\/<\/span><\/p>\n

v_sal := v_sal*12;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucf54\ub4dc<\/span>\u00a0\uaddc\uc57d(Code Convention)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\ubd84<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\ub958<\/span><\/td>\n\ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\uae30\ubc95<\/span><\/td>\n\uc608<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839<\/span><\/td>\n\ub300\ubb38\uc790<\/td>\nSELECT, INSERT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PL\/SQL <\/span>\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc<\/span><\/td>\n\ub300\ubb38\uc790<\/td>\nDECLARE, BEGIN, IF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Datatype<\/td>\n\ub300\ubb38\uc790<\/td>\nVARCHAR2, BOOLEAN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc2dd\ubcc4\uc790<\/span>, \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n\uc18c\ubb38\uc790<\/td>\nv_sal, emp_cursor, g_sal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4<\/span>\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14, Column<\/span><\/td>\n\uc18c\ubb38\uc790<\/td>\ns_emp, order_date, id<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucf54\ub4dc<\/span>\u00a0\uba85\uba85\ubc95(Code Naming Convention)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc2dd\ubcc4\uc790<\/td>\n\uc774\ub984<\/span>\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\u00a0\uaddc\uce59<\/span><\/td>\n\uc608<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubcc0\uc218<\/td>\nv_name<\/td>\nv_sal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc0c1\uc218<\/td>\nc_name<\/td>\nc_company_name<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ucee4\uc11c<\/td>\nname_cusor<\/td>\nemp_cursor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Exception<\/td>\ne_name<\/td>\ne_too_many<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Table type<\/td>\nname_table_type<\/td>\namount_table_type<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud14c\uc774\ube14<\/td>\nname_table<\/td>\norder_total_table<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Record type<\/td>\nname_record_type<\/td>\nemp_record_type<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Record<\/td>\nname_record<\/td>\ncustomer_record<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus Substitution Parameter<\/span><\/td>\np_name<\/td>\np_sal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus Global \ubcc0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\ng_name<\/td>\ng_year_sal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc4f0\uae30<\/span>\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uae30<\/span>\u00a0\uc27d\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ucf54\ub4dc\uc758\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\ubcc4\ub85c\u00a0\ub4e4\uc5ec\u00a0\uc4f0\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc608<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

IF x=0 THEN<\/p>\n

y=1;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

20. <\/span>\uc624\ub77c\ud074\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc640\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SELECT <\/span>\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DML <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ud589\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022COMMIT<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK \uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DBMS_SQL <\/span>\ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0DDL\uacfc\u00a0DCL\ubb38\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
SELECT<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SELECT \u00a0\u00a0select_list<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0variable_name : record_name<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0table<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0\u00a0condition;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022INTO <\/span>\uc808\u00a0\ud544\uc694<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\ub9cc\uc774\u00a0return \ub428<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0SELECT syntax \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc774\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc77c\uacfc\u00a0\ubc1c\uc1a1\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ship_date<\/p>\n

(v_ord_id IN NUMBER)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

v_date_ordered s_ord.date_ordered%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_date_shipped s_ord.date_shipped%TYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0date_ordered, date_shipped<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0v_date_ordered, v_date_shipped<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END ship_date;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\uc758\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ucd1d\u00a0\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sum_emp<\/p>\n

(v_ord_id IN NUMBER)<\/p>\n

RETURN NUMBER<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

v_sum_salary s_emp.salary%TYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0SUM(salary) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— group function<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0v_sum_salary<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0dept_id = y_dept_id;<\/p>\n

RETURN (v_sum_salary);<\/p>\n

END sum_emp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uba85\uc2dc\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0\ubd80\uc11c\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE all_dept<\/p>\n

(v_dept_id NUMBER)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

dept_record s_dept%ROWTYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0*<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dept_record \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2014- PL\/SQL RECORD<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_dept<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0\u00a0id = v_dept_id;<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END all_dept;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uba85\uba85\ubc95<\/span>(Naming Conventions)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022WHERE<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc4f0\uc778\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc774\u00a0\uc560\ub9e4\ubaa8\ud638\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\uba85\uba85\u00a0\uaddc\uce59\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0column\uba85\uacfc\u00a0identifier\uba85\uc740\u00a0\ub2ec\ub77c\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\uba3c\uc800\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc758\u00a0column\uba85\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0ac\ud558\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0syntax error<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uba85\uba85\ubc95<\/span>\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc77c\uacfc\u00a0\ubc29\uc1a1\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE order_info<\/p>\n

(id IN NUMBER)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

date_ordered s_ord.date_ordered%TYPE;<\/p>\n

date_shipped s_ord.date_shipped%TYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0date_ordered, date_shipped<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0date_ordered, date_shipped<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0\u00a0id = id; \u00a0\u00a0\u2014\u2014 unhandled exception<\/p>\n

– – TOO_MANY_ROWS<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END ship_date<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SELECT EXCEPTIONS<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0SELECT \ubb38\uc740\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\ud589\ub9cc\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\u00a0\uc774\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ud589\u00a0return\ub418\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc544\ubb34\u00a0\ud589\ub3c4\u00a0return\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc73c\uba74\u00a0exception\uc774\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SELECT <\/span>\uad00\ub828\u00a0EXCEPTIONS:<\/span><\/p>\n

– TOO_MANY_ROWS<\/p>\n

– NO_DATA_FOUND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TOO_MANY_ROWS exception : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uace0\uac1d<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\u00a0208\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\u00a0id\ub97c\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_order<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

v_customer_id \u00a0s_ord.customer_id%Type := 208;<\/p>\n

v_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord.id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

_ _ _Customer 208 has several orders.<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0id<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0v_ord_id<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0customer_id = v_customer_id;<\/p>\n

\u2026 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– – TOO_MANY_ROWS<\/p>\n

END my_order;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

NO_DATA_FOUND exception : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uace0\uac1d<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\u00a0999\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\u00a0id\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud560\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_order<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

v_customer_id s_ord.customer_id%TYPE := 999;<\/p>\n

v_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord.id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

_ _ _Custormer 999 is non-existent.<\/p>\n

SELECT \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0id<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0v_ord_id<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0customer_id = v_customer_id;<\/p>\n

_ _ NO_DATA_FOUND<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

END my_order;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uc791<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022DMA <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

– INSERT<\/p>\n

– UPDATE<\/p>\n

– DELETE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\uc758\u00a0\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uace0\uac1d\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0S_ORD \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\u00a0\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE cust_order<\/p>\n

(v_customer_id s_ord.customer_id%TYPE)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

v_date_ordered \u00a0\u00a0s_ord.date_ordered%Type := SYSDATE;<\/p>\n

v_sales_rep_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord.sales_rep_id%Type := 11;<\/p>\n

v_payment_type \u00a0\u00a0s_ord.payment_type%Type := ‘CASH’;<\/p>\n

v_order_filled \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord.order_filled%TYPE := ‘N’;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO s_ord(id,customer_id, date_ordered, date_shipped, sales_rep_id,<\/p>\n

total, payment_type, order_filled)<\/p>\n

VALUES \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(s_ord_id.NEXTVAL, v_customer_id, v_date_ordered, NULL,<\/p>\n

v_sales_rep_id, 0, v_payment_type, v_order_filled);<\/p>\n

END cust_order;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb34\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ubc1c\uc1a1\uc77c\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE \u00a0new_ship_date<\/p>\n

(v_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0s_ord.id%TYPE,<\/p>\n

v_ship_date s_ord.date_shipped%TYPE)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

UPDATE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord<\/p>\n

SET \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0date_shipped = v_ship_date<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

END new_ship_date;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub370\uc774\ud130<\/span>\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ud2b9\uc815<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE \u00a0del_order<\/p>\n

(v_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0s_ord.id%TYPE)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

DELETE FROM s_ord<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

END del_order;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131(Cursor Attribute)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Oracle7 Server<\/span>\ub294\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0parse\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0Implicit Cursor\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

– SQL <\/span>\uba85\ub839\uc758\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud574\u00a0\ubcfc\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uac8c\u00a0\ud558\uace0,<\/span><\/p>\n

– PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ucc98\ub7fc\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc18d\uc131(Cursor Attribute)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SQL%ROWCOUNT – <\/span>\uc601\ud5a5\uc744\u00a0\ubc1b\uc740\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218(Number type)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQL%FOUND – Boolean Indicator<\/p>\n

\u2022SQL%NOTFOUND – Boolean Indicator<\/p>\n

\u2022SQL%ISOPEN – <\/span>\ud56d\uc0c1\u00a0FALSE<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

SQL <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
S_ITEM<\/span>\ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ub41c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ub41c\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE del_rows<\/p>\n

(v_ord_id IN NUMBER,<\/p>\n

v_rows_deleted OUT VARCHAR2)<\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

DELETE FROM s_item<\/p>\n

WHERE \u00a0ord_id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

v_rows_deleted ; = TO_CHAR(SQL%ROWCOUNT)<\/p>\n

|| ‘rows deleted, ‘;<\/p>\n

END del_rows;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

COMMIT<\/span>\uc640\u00a0ROLLBACK \uba85\ub839<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>COMMIT\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uccab\ubc88\uc9f8\u00a0DMA \uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022COMMIT<\/span>\uc774\ub098\u00a0ROLLBACK SQL \uba85\ub839\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0Explicit\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778\u00a0LOCKING \uba85\ub839\uc740\u00a0SELECT….FOR UPDATE\uc640\u00a0LOCK TABLE\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
COMMIT<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
INSERT<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/p>\n

UPDATE<\/td>\n

Savepoint<\/p>\n

MARKER A<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/p>\n

INSERT<\/td>\n

Savepoint<\/p>\n

MARKER B<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DELETE<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ROLLBACK<\/td>\n<\/td>\nROLLBACK<\/td>\nA<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0ROLLBACK<\/span><\/td>\nB<\/span>\ub85c\u00a0ROLLBACK<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158<\/span>\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\uc74c<\/span>\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\uc2dd\ubcc4\ud574\u00a0\ubcf4\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BEGIN<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO temp(num_col1, num_col2, char_col)<\/p>\n

VALUES (1, 1, ‘ROW 1’);<\/p>\n

SAVEPOINT a;<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO temp(num_col1, num_col2, char_col)<\/p>\n

VALUES(2, 1, ‘ROW 2’);<\/p>\n

SAVEPOINT b;<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO temp(num_col1, num_col2, char_col)<\/p>\n

VALUES(3, 3, ‘ROW 3’);<\/p>\n

SAVEPOINT c;<\/p>\n

ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT b;<\/p>\n

COMMIT;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

21. PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0\u00a0Control Structure<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0\ud750\ub984\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\uc81c\uc5b4<\/span>\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc758\u00a0\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ud750\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\u00a0\uad6c\uc870(IF\ubb38)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\u00a0\uad6c\uc870<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc5c6\uc774\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uacc4\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– WHILE <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \ubb38\uc7a5\uc774\u00a0TRUE\uc778\u00a0\ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– EXIT <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

IF <\/span>\ubb38\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc77c\uce58\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\uc744\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IF <\/span>\uc870\uac74\u00a0THEN<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5;<\/span><\/p>\n

[ELSIF <\/span>\uc870\uac74\u00a0THEN<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5;]<\/span><\/p>\n

[ELSE<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a5;]<\/span><\/p>\n

END IF;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022ELSIF<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ub2e8\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022END IF<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\ub2e8\uc5b4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0ELSE \uc808\ub9cc\u00a0\ud5c8\uc6a9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c<\/span>\u00a0IF \ubb38\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc0ac\uc6d0\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc131\uc774\u00a0Dumas\uc774\uba74\u00a0\uc9c0\uc5ed\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\ub97c\u00a035\ub85c\u00a0\ud558\uace0, \uc9c1\uae09\uc740\u00a0Sales Representative\ub85c\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
…<\/p>\n

IF v_last_name = ‘Dumas’ THEN<\/p>\n

v_job := ‘Sales Representative’;<\/p>\n

v_region_id := 35;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

IF-THEN-ELSE <\/span>\ubb38\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc8fc\ubb38<\/span>\u00a0\uc77c\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ubc1c\uc1a1\u00a0\uc77c\uc790\uac04\uc758\u00a0\uc77c\uc218\uac00\u00a05\uc77c\u00a0\ubbf8\ub9cc\uc778\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud50c\ub798\uadf8\ub97c\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
…<\/p>\n

IF (v_date_shipped – v_date_orderd) < 5 THEN<\/p>\n

v_ship_flag := ‘Acceptable’;<\/p>\n

ELSE<\/p>\n

v_ship_flag := ‘Unacceptabl’;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

IF-THEN-ELSE <\/span>\ubb38\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc785\ub825\ub41c<\/span>\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
…<\/p>\n

IF v_start > 100 THEN<\/p>\n

RETURN (2 * v_start);<\/p>\n

ELSIF v_start >= 50 THEN<\/p>\n

RETURN (.5 * v_start);<\/p>\n

ELSE<\/p>\n

RETURN(.1 * v_start);<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub17c\ub9ac\uc801<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022IS NULL <\/span>\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790\ub85c\u00a0\ub110\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub110\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\uc2dd\uc740\u00a0NULL\uac12\uc744\u00a0return \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub17c\ub9ac\ud45c<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
AND<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nOR<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nNOT<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NULL<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Boolean Condition<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uac01<\/span>\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\u00a0V_FLAG\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc740\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc785\ub2c8\uae4c?<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

v_flag := v_reorder_flag AND v_available_flag;<\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

V_REORDER_FLAG<\/td>\nV_AVAILABLE_FLAG<\/td>\nVALUE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TRUE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NULL<\/td>\nTRUE<\/td>\nNULL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NULL<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\nFALSE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

LOOP<\/span>\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\ub294\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc774\ub098\u00a0\uc77c\ub828\uc758\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ubc88\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u20223 <\/span>\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc720\ud615\uc758\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub294\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\u00a0\ubb38\uc790\uc778\u00a0LOOP\uc640\u00a0END LOOP \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5<\/span><\/p>\n

\ub418\ub294<\/span>\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\u00a0\ubd80\ubd84\ub4e4\ub85c\u00a0\uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\ud589\uc0c1\uc758\u00a0\ud750\ub984\uc774\u00a0END LOOP\uc5d0\u00a0\ub3c4\ub2ec\ud560\u00a0\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\uadf8\uc640\u00a0\uc9dd\uc744\u00a0\uc774\ub8e8\ub294\u00a0LOOP\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\uac00\u00a0\ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\ubb34\ud55c\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub77c\u00a0\ud558\uba70, \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\u00a0\ube60\uc838\ub098\uac00\ub824\uba74\u00a0EXIT\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

EXIT <\/span>\ubb38\u00a0: EXIT \ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\u00a0END LOOP \ubb38\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\u00a0\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\ubcf4\ub0b4\uae30\u00a0\ub54c\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. EXIT\ub294\u00a0IF\ubb38\u00a0\ub0b4\uc758\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uc791\uc5c5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\u00a0\ub610\ub294\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub0b4\uc758\u00a0\ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\ub3c4\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0WHEN \uc808\uc744\u00a0\ub367\ubd99\uc77c\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– WHILE <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uae30\ubcf8\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LOOP<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— \ubb38\uc7a5<\/span><\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

EXIT [WHEN <\/span>\uc870\uac74]; — EXIT \ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\uc548\uc5d0\u00a0EXIT\ubb38\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\uc73c\uba74\u00a0\ubb34\ud55c\ud788\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uac8c\u00a0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc8fc\ubb38<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\u00a0101\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a010\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc744\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
. . .<\/p>\n

v_ord_id s_item.ord_id%TYPE := 101;<\/p>\n

v_counter NUMBER(2) := 1;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

LOOP<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO s_item(ord_id, item_id)<\/p>\n

VALUES(v_ord_id, v_counter);<\/p>\n

v_counter := v_counter + 1;<\/p>\n

EXIT WHEN \u00a0v_counter > 10;<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ubc18\ubcf5\u00a0\ud69f\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0FOR \ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc4f0\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FOR <\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\u00a0IN [REVERSE] \ud558\ud55c.. \uc0c1\ud55c\u00a0LOOP<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52;<\/span><\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ub418\ub2c8\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ucd5c\uc885\u00a0\uac12\uacfc\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\uac00\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub41c\u00a0\ud69f\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Guidelines<\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0\ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc758\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0\uc2dd(expression)\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\uc5d0\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uc9c0\uc815\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(i := i+1 \u21d2 <\/span>\ud5c8\uc6a9\uc548\ub428)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

WHILE <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc870\uac74\uc774<\/span>\u00a0TRUE\uc778\u00a0\ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0\ub9cc\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc744\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\ub824\uba74\u00a0WHILE \ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
WHILE <\/span>\uc870\uac74\u00a0LOOP \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc740\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ubc18\ubcf5\uc758\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52; <\/span><\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHILE <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc8fc\ubb38<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\u00a0101\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a010\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc744\u00a0\uc0bd\uc785\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0. . .<\/p>\n

v_ord_id \u00a0s_item.ord_id%TYPE := 101;<\/p>\n

v_counter NUMBER(2) := 1;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

WHILE v_counter <= 10 LOOP<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO s_item(ord_id, item_id)<\/p>\n

VALUE (v_ord_id, v_counter);<\/p>\n

v_counter := v_counter + 1;<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nested <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\uc640\u00a0\ub808\uc774\ube14<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\ub808\ubca8\uc5d0\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\ub0b4\uc7a5\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uacfc\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uad6c\ubd84\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ub808\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub808\uc774\ube14\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub294\u00a0EXIT\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\ube60\uc838\ub098\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<<label_name>><\/p>\n

LOOP<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP label name;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nested <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\uc640\u00a0\ub808\uc774\ube14\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub0b4\ubd80<\/span>\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\uadfc\uac70\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc678\ubd80\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<<outer_loop>><\/p>\n

WHILE a>b LOOP<\/p>\n

b := b + 1;<\/p>\n

<<inner_loop>><\/p>\n

WHILE b>c LOOP<\/p>\n

c := c + 2;<\/p>\n

EXIT outer_loop WHEN c > 200;<\/p>\n

END LOOP inner_loop;<\/p>\n

END LOOP outer_loop;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

22. EXPLICIT <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0Query \ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c\ub780<\/span>\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\ub294\u00a0private SQL\uc758\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\u00a0\uc601\uc5ed\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud55c\u00a0SQL\ubb38\uc740\u00a0\ud574\ub2f9\u00a0\ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\u00a0\uad00\ub828\ub41c\u00a0\uac1c\ubcc4\uc801\uc778\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc758\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uc720\ud615:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0-Implicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0: \ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0DML\uacfc\u00a0PL\/SQL SELECT \ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0-Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0: \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\uba38\uac00\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uae30\ub2a5<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022Query<\/span>\uc5d0\u00a0\uc758\ud574\u00a0return \ub41c\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\uc529\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc81c\uc5b4\ub97c\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ucf00\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\ud750\ub984\ub3c4<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NO<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DECLARE<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\nOPEN<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\nFETCH<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\nEMPTY?<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\nCLOSE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022Named<\/p>\n

SQL<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc601\uc5ed\uc0dd\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u2022Cursor<\/span>\uc758<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ud65c\uc131\ud654<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u2022<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0Record<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0<\/span><\/p>\n

assign<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\u2022Record<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub354\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc788\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\uac80\uc0ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Record<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\ub354<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc774\uc0c1\u00a0\uc5c6\uc73c\uba74\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0Fetch<\/span>\ud558\u00a0\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc54a\uc74c<\/span><\/td>\n

YES<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u2022Cursor<\/span>\uc758\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CLOSE<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\uace0\u00a0\uc788\uc744\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DECLARE<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CURSOR <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984\u00a0IS<\/span><\/p>\n

select_list;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ub0b4\uc5d0\ub294\u00a0INTO \uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc4f0\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ucee4\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5a4\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc758\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\ub4e4\uc744\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc529\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DECLARE<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

v_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_item.ord_id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_product_id \u00a0s_item.product_id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_item_total \u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(11,2);<\/p>\n

CURSOR item_cursor IS<\/p>\n

SELECT product_id, price*quantity<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_item<\/p>\n

WHERE ord_id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\uc5f4\uae30\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Query<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc704\ud574\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc5f4\uace0\u00a0active set\uc124\uc815<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OPEN <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022Query <\/span>\uc218\ud589\ud6c4\u00a0return \ub418\ub294\u00a0record\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4\u00a0error\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Cursor attribute<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud55c\u00a0\ud6c4\uc5d0\u00a0\uc218\ud589\u00a0\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub85c\u00a0assign\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FETCH <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984\u00a0INTO \ubcc0\uc2181, \ubcc0\uc2182, …;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022Column<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uac2f\uc218\uac00\u00a0\uac19\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Column<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc704\uce58\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\uc751\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\uac01\u00a0\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c\u00a0\ub9de\ucd94\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uac00\u00a0return \ud560\u00a0record\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud2b9\uc815\ud55c\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc758\u00a0\ub77c\uc778\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc744\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc529\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FETCH item_cursor<\/p>\n

INTO \u00a0v_product_id, v_item_total;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\ucee4\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ub2eb\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud589\ub4e4\uc758\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uac00\u00a0\ub05d\ub09c\u00a0\ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ub2eb\uc73c\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CLOSE <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ub2e4\uc2dc\u00a0\uc5ec\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc77c\ub2e8\u00a0\ub2eb\ud600\uc9c4\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud0c0\ub97c\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud558\ub824\u00a0\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\uc0c1\ud0dc\u00a0\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c\u00a0\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc18d\uc131<\/td>\n\uc720\ud615<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%ISOPEN<\/td>\nBoolean<\/td>\n\ucee4\uc11c\uac00<\/span>\u00a0open\ub418\uc5b4\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba74\u00a0TRUE return<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%NOTFOUND<\/td>\nBoolean<\/td>\n\ub354\uc774\uc0c1<\/span>\u00a0fetch\ud560\u00a0record\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\uc73c\uba74\u00a0TRUE return<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%FOUND<\/td>\nBoolean<\/td>\n\ub354\uc774\uc0c1<\/span>\u00a0fetch\ud560\u00a0record\uac00\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba74\u00a0TRUE return<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%ROWCOUNT<\/td>\nNumber<\/td>\n\uc774\uc81c\uae4c\uc9c0<\/span>\u00a0fetch\ub41c\u00a0\uc804\uccb4\u00a0\ud589\uc758\u00a0\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Multiple Fetch<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0Explicit \ucee4\uc11c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubc18\ubcf5\u00a0\ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\ud589\uc529\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022%NOTFOUND <\/span>\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c\u00a0fetch\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0fetch\uac00\u00a0\uc798\u00a0\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

%ISOPEN <\/span>\uc18d\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uac00\u00a0\uc5f4\ub824\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ub54c\uc5d0\ub9cc\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucd94\ucd9c\uc744\u00a0\ud558\uae30\u00a0\uc804\uc5d0\u00a0%ISOPEN \uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\uac00\u00a0\uc5f4\ub838\ub294\uc9c0\u00a0\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

IF item_cursor%ISOPEN THEN<\/p>\n

FETCH item_cursor INTO v_product_id, v_item_total;<\/p>\n

ELSE<\/p>\n

OPEN item_cursor;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

%NOTFOUND<\/span>\uc640\u00a0%ROWCOUNT \uc18d\uc131\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022%ROWCOUNT <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\uc815\ud655\ud55c\u00a0\uc22b\uc790\ub9cc\ud07c\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022%NOTFOUND <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc18d\uc131\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ub8e8\ud504\ub97c\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud560\u00a0\uc2dc\uc810\uc744\u00a0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

LOOP<\/p>\n

FETCH item_cursor<\/p>\n

INTO v_product_id, v_item_total;<\/p>\n

EXIT WHEN item_cursor%ROWCOUNT > 5<\/p>\n

OR item_cursor%NOTFOUND;<\/p>\n

v_order_total := v_order_total + v_item_total;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ucee4\uc11c\uc640<\/span>\u00a0\ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022PL\/SQL RECORD<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0active set\uc758\u00a0record\ub97c\u00a0\uc880\ub354\u00a0\uc27d\uac8c\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CURSOR emp_cursor IS<\/p>\n

SELECT id, salary, start_date, rowid<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE dept_id = 41;<\/p>\n

emp_record emp_cursor%ROWTYPE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

OPEN emp_cursor;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

FETCH emp_cursor INTO emp_record;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHERE CURRENT OF<\/span>\uc808<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uac31\uc2e0\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\uc2dc\u00a0FOR UPDATE \uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0lock\uc744\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022WHERE CURRENT OF <\/span>\uc808\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\u00a0explicit \ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022FOR UPDATE<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\uc37c\ub2e4\uba74\u00a0explicit \ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ucd94\ucd9c\ud55c\u00a0\ud6c4\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc14\ub85c\u00a0commit\ud558\uc9c0\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

WHERE CURRENT OF <\/span>\uc808\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ucee4\uc11c\uc548\uc758<\/span>\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uac31\uc2e0\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0. . .<\/p>\n

CURSOR emp_cursor IS<\/p>\n

SELECT …<\/p>\n

FOR UPDATE;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

FOR emp_record IN emp_cursor LOOP<\/p>\n

UPDATE. . .<\/p>\n

WHERE CURRENT OF emp_cursor;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/p>\n

COMMIT;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Parameter<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uac00\u00a0\uc5f4\ub9ac\uace0\u00a0query\uac00\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ub418\uba74\u00a0\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\uc5d0\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CURSOR <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984\u00a0[(Parameter_name datatype, …)]<\/span><\/p>\n

IS<\/p>\n

select_statement;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub2e4\ub978\u00a0active set\uc744\u00a0\uc6d0\ud560\ub54c\u00a0\ub9c8\ub2e4\u00a0explicit \ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Parameter<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ubd80\uc11c<\/span>\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uc640\u00a0\uc9c1\uae09\uc744\u00a0WHERE\uc808\ub85c\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CURSOR emp_cursor<\/p>\n

(v_dept NUMBER, v_job VARCHAR2) IS<\/p>\n

SELECT last_name, salary, start_date<\/p>\n

FROM \u00a0\u00a0s_emp<\/p>\n

WHERE dept_id = v_dept<\/p>\n

AND title = v_job;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Parameter<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ucee4\uc11c\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ubaa8\ub4e0<\/span>\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud574\u00a0\ucd1d\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\uac00\uaca9\uc744\u00a0\uad6c\uc785\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DECLARE<\/p>\n

v_current_ord_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_ord.id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_product_id \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s_item.product_id%TYPE;<\/p>\n

v_item_total \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(11,2);<\/p>\n

v_order_total \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER(11,2) :=0;<\/p>\n

CURSOR ord_cursor \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0IS<\/p>\n

SELECT id<\/p>\n

FROM s_ord<\/p>\n

ORDER BY id;<\/p>\n

CURSOR item_cursor (v_ord_id NUMBER) IS<\/p>\n

SELECT product_id, price*quantity<\/p>\n

FROM s_item<\/p>\n

WHERE ord_id = v_ord_id;<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

OPEN ord_cursor;<\/p>\n

LOOP<\/p>\n

FETCH ord_cursor INTO v_current_ord_id;<\/p>\n

EXIT WHEN ord_cursor%NOTFOUND;<\/p>\n

IF item_cursor%ISOPEN THEN<\/p>\n

CLOSE item_cursor;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

OPEN item_cursor(v_current_ord_id);<\/p>\n

LOOP<\/p>\n

FETCH item cursor INTO v_product_id, v_item_total;<\/p>\n

EXIT WHEN item cursor%NOTFOUND;<\/p>\n

v_order_total := v_order_total + v_item_total;<\/p>\n

INSERT INTO temp (product_id, cumulative_total, ord_id)<\/p>\n

VALUES (v_product_id, v_order_total, v_current_ord<id);<\/p>\n

v_current_ord_id);<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/p>\n

v_order_total :=0;<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/p>\n

IF item_cursor%ISOPEN THEN<\/p>\n

CLOSE item_cursor;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

CLOSE ord cursor;<\/p>\n

COMMIT WORK;<\/p>\n

END;<\/p>\n

\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

CURSOR FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Explicit <\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\ub97c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uac00\uc7a5\u00a0\uc88b\uc740\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022OPEN, FETCH, CLOSE<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

FOR <\/span>\ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\uc774\ub984\u00a0IN \ucee4\uc11c\uc774\ub984\u00a0LOOP<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52;<\/span><\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END LOOP;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\ub294\u00a0\uc790\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c\u00a0\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uc9c0\ub294\u00a0\ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CURSOR FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\ub0a8\uc740<\/span>\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc774\u00a0\uc5c6\uc744\u00a0\ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0\u00a0\ud558\ub098\uc529\u00a0\uc21c\uc11c\ub300\ub85c\u00a0\ud2b9\uc815\u00a0\uc8fc\ubb38\u00a0\ud56d\ubaa9\uc744\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FOR item_record IN item_cursor LOOP<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— implicit<\/span>\ud558\uac8c\u00a0OPEN, FETCH \ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

v_order_total := v_order_total +<\/p>\n

(item_record.price * item_record.quantity);<\/p>\n

I := i + 1;<\/p>\n

product_id_table (i) := item_record.product_id;<\/p>\n

order_total_table (i) := v_order_total;<\/p>\n

END LOOP; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— implicit<\/span>\ud558\uac8c\u00a0CLOSE \ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

23. Error <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uac1c<\/span>\u00a0\uc694<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\ub780\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\u00a0\ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294\u00a0error\ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ub418\ub294\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Oracle <\/span>\uc624\ub958\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560\u00a0\ub54c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774\u00a0\uc9c1\uc811\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0ac\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ubc29\ubc95\uc740\u00a0\ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc2e4\ud589\ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\ud574\ub2f9<\/span>\u00a0\uc608\uc678\uac00\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/td>\n\ud574\ub2f9<\/span>\u00a0\uc608\uc678\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\ub294\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n(DECLARE)<\/td>\n(DECLARE)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/td>\nError<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Error<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n(Exception<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(Exception<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd)<\/span><\/td>\nEXCEPTION \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>?<\/span><\/td>\nEXCEPTION \u00a0<\/span>?<\/span><\/td>\n\ud574\ub2f9<\/span>\u00a0\uc608\uc678\uac00\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc5c6\ub294<\/span>\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud574\ub2f9<\/span>\u00a0\uc608\uc678\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud55c<\/span><\/td>\nEND;<\/td>\nEND; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>?<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Error<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc2e4\ud589\ud658\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c<\/span>\u00a0Error \uc804\ub2ec<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\uc720\ud615<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u2022Predefined Oracle7 Server <\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— \uc790\ub3d9\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Non-Predefined Oracle7 Server <\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0— \uc790\ub3d9\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022User-defined \u00a0\u00a0— <\/span>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0b4<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85<\/td>\n\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span>\u00a0\uc9c0\uce68<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubbf8\ub9ac<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub41c\u00a0Oracle7<\/span><\/p>\n

Server <\/span>\uc624\ub958<\/span><\/td>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc790\uc8fc\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc57d\u00a020\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc624\ub958<\/span><\/td>\n\uc120\uc5b8\ud560<\/span>\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc5c6\uace0\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubbf8\ub9ac<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740<\/span><\/p>\n

Oracle7 Server <\/span>\uc624\ub958<\/span><\/td>\n

\uae30\ud0c0<\/span>\u00a0\ud45c\uc900\u00a0Oracle7<\/span><\/p>\n

Server Error <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/td>\n

\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uace0\u00a0Oracle7 Server\uac00\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\uc758\u00a0\uc624\ub958<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uac00<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\ud55c\u00a0\uc870\uac74\uc774\u00a0\ub9cc\uc871\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc744\u00a0\uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/td>\n\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80\uc5d0<\/span>\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub3c4\ub85d\u00a0\ud568<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\u00a0: Syntax<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WHEN <\/span>\uc608\uc6781 [OR \uc608\uc6782…] THEN<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52;<\/span><\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[WHEN <\/span>\uc608\uc6783 [OR \uc608\uc6784… THEN<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52;<\/span><\/p>\n

. . . ]<\/p>\n

[WHEN OTHERS THEN<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a51;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\ubb38\uc7a52;<\/span><\/p>\n

. . . ]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\u00a0: Guidelines<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ub9e8\u00a0\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0\u00a0\uc4f0\ub294\u00a0\uac83\uc774\u00a0WHEN OTHERS \uc808\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\ub294\u00a0\ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\uc778\u00a0EXCEPTION\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcf5\uc218\uc758\u00a0\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uae30\ub97c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ud558\ub098\uc758\u00a0\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uae30\ub9cc\u00a0\uc218\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Predefined Oracle7 Server Error<\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0\ub8e8\ud2f4\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ubbf8\ub9ac\u00a0\uc815\uc758\ub41c\u00a0\uc774\ub984\uc744\u00a0\ucc38\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

– NO_DATA_FOUND<\/p>\n

– TOO_MANY_ROWS<\/p>\n

– INVALID_CURSOR<\/p>\n

– ZERO_DIVIDE<\/p>\n

– DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Predefined Exception<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN<\/p>\n

v_message := TO_CHAR(v_product_id) || ‘is invalid.’;<\/p>\n

WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN<\/p>\n

v_message := ‘Data corruption in S_PRODUCT’;<\/p>\n

WHEN OTHERS THEN<\/p>\n

v_message := ‘Other error occurred.’;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Non-predefined Oracle7 Server Error <\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc120\uc5b8<\/td>\n—-\u2192<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uad00<\/td>\n——<\/td>\n—-<\/td>\n—-\u2192<\/td>\n\ucc38\uc870<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\u2022PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT <\/span>\uc785\ub825<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2022<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Non-Predefined Error<\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Oracle7 Server error<\/span>\ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uac00-2292\uc778\u00a0\ubb34\uacb0\uc131\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\u00a0\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uc704\ubc18\u00a0error\ub97c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[DECLARE]<\/p>\n

e_products_remaining \u00a0\u00a0EXCEPTION;<\/p>\n

PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(e_products_remaining, -2292);<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

WHEN e_products_remaining THEN<\/p>\n

v_message := ‘Referential integrity constraint violated.’;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

User-defined Exception<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\uc120\uc5b8<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n—<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uad00<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n—-<\/td>\n\u2192<\/td>\n\ucc38\uc870<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc2e4\ud589\ubd80<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2022RAISE<\/span>\ubb38\uc744\u00a0\uc368\uc11c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ubc1c\ud589<\/span><\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2022<\/span>\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\u00a0\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

User-defined Exception : <\/span>\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc7ac\uace0\uac00<\/span>\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba74\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c\u00a0\uc911\uc9c0\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[DECLARE]<\/p>\n

e_amount_remaining \u00a0\u00a0EXCEPTION;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

RAISE e_amount_remaining;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

WHEN e_amount_remaining THEN<\/p>\n

v_message := ‘There is still an amount is stcok.’;<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\u00a0\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022WHEN OTHERS <\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc544\uc9c1\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\uc9c0\u00a0\uc54a\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\uc608\uc678\ub97c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\ucd5c\uc885\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uae30<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQLCODE<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Error <\/span>\ubc88\ud638\ub97c\u00a0return<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022SQLERRM<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– Error <\/span>\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0return<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQLCODE <\/span>\uac12\uc758\u00a0\uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SQLCODE <\/span>\uac12<\/span><\/td>\n\uc124<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\uba85<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\nError<\/span>\uac00\u00a0\uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294\u00a0\uc758\ubbf8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/span>\u00a0\uc815\uc758\u00a0\uc608\uc678\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
+100<\/td>\nNO_DATA_FOUND <\/span>\uc608\uc678\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc74c\uc218<\/td>\nOracle7 Server error <\/span>\ubc88\ud638\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\u00a0: \uc608<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\uc608\uc0c1\ud558\uc9c0<\/span>\u00a0\ubabb\ud55c\u00a0\uc608\uc678\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0error \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640\u00a0error \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0. . .<\/p>\n

v_error_code \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NUMBER;<\/p>\n

v_error_message \u00a0VARCHAR2(255);<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

WHEN OTHERS THEN<\/p>\n

ROLLBACK;<\/p>\n

v_error_code := SQLCODE;<\/p>\n

v_error_message := SQLERRM;<\/p>\n

v_output := TO_CHAR(v_error_code)<\/p>\n

|| ‘; ‘|| v_error_message;<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc2e4\ud589\ud658\uacbd<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SQL<\/span>*<\/span>Plus \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Error \ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\uc640\u00a0\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\ud654\uba74\uc5d0\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Developer\/2000 <\/span>\ud2b8\ub9ac\uac70\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0error \ubc88\ud638\uc640\u00a0\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

Forms<\/p>\n

\u2022Precompiler \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SQLCA<\/span>\ub97c\u00a0\ud1b5\ud574\u00a0error \ucc98\ub9ac\u00a0\ubc88\ud638\ub97c\u00a0\ud655\uc778\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc751\uc6a9\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc608\uc678<\/span>\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nDECLARE<\/p>\n

. . .<\/p>\n

e_no_rows \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0exception;<\/p>\n

e_integrity \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0exception;<\/p>\n

PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(e_integrity, -2292);<\/p>\n

BEGIN<\/p>\n

FOR c_record IN emp_cursor LOOP<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\uc11c\ube0c<\/span>\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc740\u00a0\uc608\uc678\ub97c\u00a0\uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uac70\ub098\u00a0\uc11c\ube0c\ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\ub0b4\ud3ec\ud558\uace0\u00a0\uc788\ub294\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc5d0\u00a0\uc608\uc678\ub97c\u00a0\uc804\ub2ec\ud560\u00a0\uc218\u00a0\uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

<\/td>\nBEGIN<\/p>\n

SELECT . . .<\/p>\n

UPDATE . . .<\/p>\n

IF SQL%NOTFOUND THEN<\/p>\n

RAISE e_no_rows;<\/p>\n

END IF;<\/p>\n

EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

WHEN e_integrity THEN. . .<\/p>\n

WHEN e_no_rows THEN . . .<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\nEND LOOP;<\/p>\n

EXCEPTION<\/p>\n

WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN. . .<\/p>\n

WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN. . .<\/p>\n

END;<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

24. PL\/SQL <\/span>\uc694\uc57d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc758\u00a0\uc7a5\uc810<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubaa8\ub4c8\ud654<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc120\uc5b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc808\ucc28\uc801\u00a0\uc5b8\uc5b4\u00a0\uad6c\uc870\ub97c\u00a0\uac16\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\uc758\u00a0\uc218\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Stored Subprogram<\/span>\uacfc\u00a0\uc751\uc6a9\u00a0\uc11c\ube0c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758\u00a0\ud1b5\ud569<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc131\ub2a5\u00a0\ud5a5\uc0c1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\ube14\ub85d<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u20224<\/span>\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ubd80\ub85c\u00a0\uad6c\uc131<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\ud5e4\ub354\ubd80(Header)<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc120\uc5b8\ubd80(Declarative)<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc2e4\uc0dd\ubd80(Executable)<\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc608\uc678\ubd80(Execption)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0\ub2e4\ub8ec\u00a0\ub450\u00a0\uac00\uc9c0\u00a0\uc720\ud615\uc758\u00a0\ube14\ub85d<\/span><\/p>\n

– Anonymous Block<\/p>\n

– <\/span>\uc11c\ubd80\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc77c\ub828\uc758\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\uc744\u00a0\uc800\uc7a5\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uc2dc\uc800<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uac12\uc744\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub294\u00a0\ud568\uc218<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL<\/span>\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758\u00a0DML<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022SELECT<\/span>\ubb38\uc740\u00a0INTO \uc808\uc774\u00a0\uc788\uc73c\uba70\u00a0\ud55c\u00a0\uac1c\uc758\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ubc18\ud658\ud574\uc57c\u00a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022INSERT<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022UPDATE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022DELETE<\/span>\ub294\u00a0\ud589\uc744\u00a0\uc81c\uac70\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022COMMIT<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubbf8\uacb0\u00a0\uc911\uc778\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\uc601\uad6c\uc801\uc778\u00a0\uac83\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc744\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\uc885\ub8cc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022ROLLBACK<\/span>\uc740\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4e0\u00a0\ubbf8\uacb0\u00a0\uc911\uc778\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd\u00a0\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744\u00a0\ucde8\uc18c\ud558\uace0\u00a0\ud604\uc7ac\uc758\u00a0\ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc744\u00a0\uc885\ub8cc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

PL\/SQL <\/span>\uc81c\uc5b4\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022IF<\/span>\uc870\uac74\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– <\/span>\uc870\uac74\u00a0\uac12\uc5d0\u00a0\ub530\ub77c\u00a0\uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\u00a0\uc791\uc5c5\u00a0\uc218\ud589<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ub8e8\ud504\u00a0\ubb38<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– BASIC <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– FOR <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0– WHILE <\/span>\ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\ucee4\uc11c\uc640\u00a0CURSOR FOR \ub8e8\ud504<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022Oracle7 Server Error<\/span>\ub098\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\u00a0\uc815\uc758\u00a0\uc608\uc678\ub97c\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\u00a0\uc608\uc678\u00a0\ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SQL*Plus<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\u2022<\/span>\ud615\uc2dd\ud654, \uacc4\uc0b0\u00a0\uc218\ud589, \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758\u00a0\ud615\ud0dc\ub85c\u00a0query \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c\u00a0\ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022<\/span>\uc785\ub825, \ud3b8\uc9d1, \uc800\uc7a5, \uac80\uc0c9\u00a0\ubc0f\u00a0SQL \uba85\ub839\uacfc\u00a0PL\/SQL \uc694\uc57d\u00a0\ube14\ub85d\uc744\u00a0\uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  1. \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\uc790\ub8cc\u00a0\uac80\uc0c9 2. \ub2e8\uc77c\u00a0\ud589\uc5d0\u00a0\ub300\ud55c\u00a0\ud568\uc218\ub4e4 3. \ubcf5\uc218\u00a0\ud14c\uc774\ube14\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\ud68c 4. Group \ud568\uc218 5. Subqueries 6. SQL*Plus \uba85\ub839\uc5b4 7. \ubcc0\uc218\u00a0\uc0ac\uc6a9 8. \ud14c\uc774\ube14\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131 9. Oracle Data Dictionary 10. \ub370\uc774\ud130\u00a0\uc870\uc791(DML) 11. \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uacfc\u00a0\uc81c\uc57d\uc870\uac74\u00a0\ubcc0\uacbd 12. Sequence \uc0dd\uc131 13. \ubdf0(View) \uc0dd\uc131 14. \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131 15. Privileges(DCL) 16. SQL\uacfc\u00a0SQL*Plus \uc694\uc57d 17. SQL*Plus\ub97c\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc791\uc131 18. \uc11c\ube0c\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744\u00a0\uc774\uc6a9\ud55c\u00a0\ubaa8\ub4c8\ud654\u00a0\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d 19. \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c\u00a0PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\u00a0\uc0dd\uc131 20. \uc624\ub77c\ud074\u00a0\ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc640\uc758\u00a0\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4 21. PL\/SQL \ube14\ub85d\uc758\u00a0Control Structure 22. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"spay_email":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[958,957],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/oracle-business-intelligence.jpg?fit=973%2C615","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3173"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3173"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3175,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3173\/revisions\/3175"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}