{"id":981,"date":"2015-12-29T14:39:03","date_gmt":"2015-12-29T14:39:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/haisins.epac.to\/wordpress\/?p=981"},"modified":"2015-12-29T14:39:03","modified_gmt":"2015-12-29T14:39:03","slug":"cidrclassless-inter-domain-routing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/?p=981","title":{"rendered":"CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain Routing)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><P>\/etc\/netmasks<\/P><br \/>\n<P>192.0.0.0&nbsp;255.255.0.0<br \/>192.168.0.0&nbsp;255.255.255.0<br \/>192.168.10.128&nbsp;255.255.255.128<\/P><br \/>\n<P>===============================<\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmasks Expanded (\/24 through \/32)<br \/>Netmask 255.255.255.0 \/24 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000) <br \/>1 subnet <br \/>LOW IP HI IP <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.128 \/25 (11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000) <br \/>2 subnets <br \/>LOW IP HI IP <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.192 \/26 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) <br \/>4 subnets <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.63 <br \/>x.x.x.64 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.191 <br \/>x.x.x.192 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.224 \/27 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000) <br \/>8 subnets <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.31 <br \/>x.x.x.32 x.x.x.63 <br \/>x.x.x.64 x.x.x.95 <br \/>x.x.x.96 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.159 <br \/>x.x.x.160 x.x.x.191 <br \/>x.x.x.192 x.x.x.223 <br \/>x.x.x.224 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.240 \/28 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000) <br \/>16 subnets <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.15 <br \/>x.x.x.16 x.x.x.31 <br \/>x.x.x.32 x.x.x.47 <br \/>x.x.x.48 x.x.x.63 <br \/>x.x.x.64 x.x.x.79 <br \/>x.x.x.80 x.x.x.95 <br \/>x.x.x.96 x.x.x.111 <br \/>x.x.x.112 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.143 <br \/>x.x.x.144 x.x.x.159 <br \/>x.x.x.160 x.x.x.175 <br \/>x.x.x.176 x.x.x.191 <br \/>x.x.x.192 x.x.x.207 <br \/>x.x.x.208 x.x.x.223 <br \/>x.x.x.224 x.x.x.239 <br \/>x.x.x.240 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.248 \/29 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000) <br \/>32 subnets <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.7 <br \/>x.x.x.8 x.x.x.15 <br \/>x.x.x.16 x.x.x.23 <br \/>x.x.x.24 x.x.x.31 <br \/>x.x.x.32 x.x.x.39 <br \/>x.x.x.40 x.x.x.47 <br \/>x.x.x.48 x.x.x.55 <br \/>x.x.x.56 x.x.x.63 <br \/>x.x.x.64 x.x.x.71 <br \/>x.x.x.72 x.x.x.79 <br \/>x.x.x.80 x.x.x.87 <br \/>x.x.x.88 x.x.x.95 <br \/>x.x.x.96 x.x.x.103 <br \/>x.x.x.104 x.x.x.111 <br \/>x.x.x.112 x.x.x.119 <br \/>x.x.x.120 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.135 <br \/>x.x.x.136 x.x.x.143 <br \/>x.x.x.144 x.x.x.151 <br \/>x.x.x.152 x.x.x.159 <br \/>x.x.x.160 x.x.x.167 <br \/>x.x.x.168 x.x.x.175 <br \/>x.x.x.176 x.x.x.183 <br \/>x.x.x.184 x.x.x.191 <br \/>x.x.x.192 x.x.x.199 <br \/>x.x.x.200 x.x.x.207 <br \/>x.x.x.208 x.x.x.215 <br \/>x.x.x.216 x.x.x.223 <br \/>x.x.x.224 x.x.x.231 <br \/>x.x.x.232 x.x.x.239 <br \/>x.x.x.240 x.x.x.247 <br \/>x.x.x.248 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Netmask 255.255.255.252 \/30 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100) <br \/>64 subnets <br \/>LOW IP HI IP <br \/>x.x.x.0 x.x.x.3 <br \/>x.x.x.4 x.x.x.7 <br \/>x.x.x.8 x.x.x.11 <br \/>x.x.x.12 x.x.x.15 <br \/>x.x.x.16 x.x.x.19 <br \/>x.x.x.20 x.x.x.23 <br \/>x.x.x.24 x.x.x.27 <br \/>x.x.x.28 x.x.x.31 <br \/>x.x.x.32 x.x.x.35 <br \/>x.x.x.36 x.x.x.39 <br \/>x.x.x.40 x.x.x.43 <br \/>x.x.x.44 x.x.x.47 <br \/>x.x.x.48 x.x.x.51 <br \/>x.x.x.52 x.x.x.55 <br \/>x.x.x.56 x.x.x.59 <br \/>x.x.x.60 x.x.x.63 <br \/>x.x.x.64 x.x.x.67 <br \/>x.x.x.68 x.x.x.71 <br \/>x.x.x.72 x.x.x.75 <br \/>x.x.x.76 x.x.x.79 <br \/>x.x.x.80 x.x.x.83 <br \/>x.x.x.84 x.x.x.87 <br \/>x.x.x.88 x.x.x.91 <br \/>x.x.x.92 x.x.x.95 <br \/>x.x.x.96 x.x.x.99 <br \/>x.x.x.100 x.x.x.103 <br \/>x.x.x.104 x.x.x.107 <br \/>x.x.x.108 x.x.x.111 <br \/>x.x.x.112 x.x.x.115 <br \/>x.x.x.116 x.x.x.119 <br \/>x.x.x.120 x.x.x.123 <br \/>x.x.x.124 x.x.x.127 <br \/>x.x.x.128 x.x.x.131 <br \/>x.x.x.132 x.x.x.135 <br \/>x.x.x.136 x.x.x.139 <br \/>x.x.x.140 x.x.x.143 <br \/>x.x.x.144 x.x.x.147 <br \/>x.x.x.148 x.x.x.151 <br \/>x.x.x.152 x.x.x.155 <br \/>x.x.x.156 x.x.x.159 <br \/>x.x.x.160 x.x.x.163 <br \/>x.x.x.164 x.x.x.167 <br \/>x.x.x.168 x.x.x.171 <br \/>x.x.x.172 x.x.x.175 <br \/>x.x.x.176 x.x.x.179 <br \/>x.x.x.180 x.x.x.183 <br \/>x.x.x.184 x.x.x.187 <br \/>x.x.x.188 x.x.x.191 <br \/>x.x.x.192 x.x.x.195 <br \/>x.x.x.196 x.x.x.199 <br \/>x.x.x.200 x.x.x.203 <br \/>x.x.x.204 x.x.x.207 <br \/>x.x.x.208 x.x.x.211 <br \/>x.x.x.212 x.x.x.215 <br \/>x.x.x.216 x.x.x.219 <br \/>x.x.x.220 x.x.x.223 <br \/>x.x.x.224 x.x.x.227 <br \/>x.x.x.228 x.x.x.231 <br \/>x.x.x.232 x.x.x.235 <br \/>x.x.x.236 x.x.x.239 <br \/>x.x.x.240 x.x.x.243 <br \/>x.x.x.244 x.x.x.247 <br \/>x.x.x.248 x.x.x.251 <br \/>x.x.x.252 x.x.x.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>net mask: <\/P><br \/>\n<P>1111 1100 == 252 <\/P><br \/>\n<P><br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/P><br \/>\n<P><br \/>Pozar&#8217;s two-bit(tm) addressing <\/P><br \/>\n<P>4-bit m m m m <br \/>2-bit m m <br \/>(.1) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 (.2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.17) 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 (.18) 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.33) 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (.34) 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.49) 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 (.50) 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.65) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 (.66) 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.129) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 (.130) 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.193) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 (.194) 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 <br \/>(.225) 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 (.226) 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 <\/P><br \/>\n<P><br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/P><br \/>\n<P><br \/>Younker&#8217;s tables <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Here&#8217;s a table showing the relationship between the \/ notation, the byte <br \/>notation, and the corresponding binary numbers (with a dot every eight <br \/>digits) for the 32 bit addresses. I&#8217;ve thrown in a count of how many <br \/>Class A\/B\/C networks the larger networks encompass. <\/P><br \/>\n<P>\/ Notation Binary Byte Notation #Class <br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;- &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211; &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211; &#8212;&#8212; <br \/>\/0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 0.0.0.0 256 A <br \/>\/1 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 128.0.0.0 128 A <br \/>\/2 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 192.0.0.0 64 A <br \/>\/3 11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000 224.0.0.0 32 A <br \/>\/4 11110000.00000000.00000000.00000000 240.0.0.0 16 A <br \/>\/5 11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000 248.0.0.0 8 A <br \/>\/6 11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000 252.0.0.0 4 A <br \/>\/7 11111110.00000000.00000000.00000000 254.0.0.0 2 A <br \/>\/8 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 255.0.0.0 1 A <br \/>\/9 11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000 255.128.0.0 128 B <br \/>\/10 11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000 255.192.0.0 64 B <br \/>\/11 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 255.224.0.0 32 B <br \/>\/12 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000 255.240.0.0 16 B <br \/>\/13 11111111.11111000.00000000.00000000 255.248.0.0 8 B <br \/>\/14 11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000 255.252.0.0 4 B <br \/>\/15 11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000 255.254.0.0 2 B <br \/>\/16 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 255.255.0.0 1 B <br \/>\/17 11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000 255.255.128.0 128 C <br \/>\/18 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 255.255.192.0 64 C <br \/>\/19 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000 255.255.224.0 32 C <br \/>\/20 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 255.255.240.0 16 C <br \/>\/21 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000 255.255.248.0 8 C <br \/>\/22 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000 255.255.252.0 4 C <br \/>\/23 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 255.255.254.0 2 C <br \/>\/24 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 255.255.255.0 1 C <br \/>\/25 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 255.255.255.128 <br \/>\/26 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 255.255.255.192 <br \/>\/27 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 255.255.255.224 <br \/>\/28 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 255.255.255.240 <br \/>\/29 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 255.255.255.248 <br \/>\/30 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 255.255.255.252 <br \/>\/31 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111110 255.255.255.254 <br \/>\/32 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 255.255.255.255 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Here&#8217;s an example of how to get from the binary number 11000000 to <br \/>the decimal number (192). <\/P><br \/>\n<P>11000000 =&gt; 128*1 + 64*1 + 32*0 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*0 + 2*0 + 1*0 <br \/>= 128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 <br \/>= 128 + 64 <br \/>= 192 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>Another example (using an arbitrarily chosen binary number): <\/P><br \/>\n<P>10000100 =&gt; 128*1 + 64*0 + 32*0 + 16*0 + 8*0 + 4*1 + 2*0 + 1*0 <br \/>= 128 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 0 + 0 <br \/>= 128 + 4 <br \/>= 132 <\/P><br \/>\n<P>&nbsp;<\/P><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\/etc\/netmasks 192.0.0.0&nbsp;255.255.0.0192.168.0.0&nbsp;255.255.255.0192.168.10.128&nbsp;255.255.255.128 =============================== Netmasks Expanded (\/24 through \/32)Netmask 255.255.255.0 \/24 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000) 1 subnet LOW IP HI IP x.x.x.0 x.x.x.255 Netmask 255.255.255.128 \/25 (11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000) 2 subnets LOW IP HI IP x.x.x.0 x.x.x.127 x.x.x.128 x.x.x.255 Netmask 255.255.255.192 \/26 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) 4 subnets x.x.x.0 x.x.x.63 x.x.x.64 x.x.x.127 x.x.x.128 x.x.x.191 x.x.x.192 x.x.x.255 Netmask 255.255.255.224 \/27 (11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000) 8 subnets x.x.x.0 x.x.x.31 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"spay_email":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[519],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/981"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/haisins.synology.me\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}